Image sensors having extended dynamic range
In various embodiments, an electronic image sensor having extended dynamic range comprises, for example, a pixel circuit and a column readout circuit. The column readout circuit includes, for example, a correlated double-sampling (CDS) capacitor, one or more CDS clamp switches, a single slope analog-to-digital converter (ADC) circuit, and a column memory. Other devices and methods are disclosed.
1. An electronic device, comprising:
a pixel circuit, comprising an overflow gate;
an automatic circuit configured to reset a pixel a plurality of times only during a time period when a signal detected at the pixel is below a predetermined threshold for the pixel circuit with the overflow gate; and
a column readout circuit, the column readout circuit including a correlated double-sampling (CDS) capacitor, one or more CDS clamp switches, a single slope analog-to-digital converter (ADC) circuit, and a column memory.
2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the single slope ADC includes a comparator and a latch.
3. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the pixel circuit comprises a three transistor (3T) pixel circuit.
4. The electronic device of claim 3 , further comprising an automatic gain control system for the 3T pixel circuit having the overflow gate.
5. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the pixel circuit comprises a three transistor (3T) pixel circuit having an additional gate configured to increase conversion gain.
6. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the pixel circuit comprises a three transistor (3T) pixel circuit having an additional gate configured to enhance dynamic range.
7. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the pixel circuit comprises a three transistor (3T) pixel circuit having an additional gate configured to allow two different dynamically controllable conversion gains.
8. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the pixel circuit comprises a three transistor (3T) pixel circuit having an additional gate configured to allow two different conversion gains that are sequentially switchable from high to low.
9. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the pixel circuit comprises a three transistor (3T) pixel circuit having an additional gate configured to allow two sequential readouts with high and low conversion gain in a same exposure.
10. A method, comprising lowering pixel read noise in an electronic circuit by resetting a pixel a plurality of times,
wherein the pixel is reset a plurality of times automatically only during a time period when a signal detected at the pixel is below a predetermined threshold.