Microfluidic tumor tissue dissociation device and method
A tissue dissociation device includes an inlet coupled to a first stage having a single channel having an upstream end and a downstream end; a plurality of serially arranged intermediate stages, wherein a first intermediate stage of the plurality is fluidically coupled to the downstream end of the first stage, and wherein each subsequent intermediate stage of the plurality has an increasing number of channels (with channels of smaller dimensions); and an outlet coupled to a last stage of the intermediate stages.
1. A method of dissociating tumor tissue comprising:
obtaining a tumor tissue sample from a biopsy;
introducing a tumor tissue sample into a tissue dissociation device comprising a plurality of serially arranged stages of channels having a continuous expansion and constriction of the channel width connected by smooth curves extending along a length thereof, wherein the plurality of serially arranged stages each split into a pair of channels with a decreased channel width as compared to the channel width of a preceding stage with each serially arranged stage of decreased width generating jets of fluid with increasing dissociation power;
pumping the tumor tissue sample through the plurality of serially arranged stages of channels to generate a processed sample, wherein the tumor tissue sample is subject to progressively increasing hydrodynamic shear forces generated by the continuous expansion and constriction of the channel width in the plurality of serially arranged stages of channels;
collecting the processed sample after pumping the tumor tissue sample through the plurality of serially arranged stages of channels,
wherein the processed sample contains dissociated tumor tissue that comprises clusters of tumor cells or single tumor cells; and
wherein the tumor tissue sample is pumped through the plurality of serially arranged stages a plurality of times.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein collecting the processed sample comprises flushing the tissue dissociation device with a buffer solution.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tumor tissue sample is treated with a proteolytic enzyme before pumping the sample containing the tumor tissue through the plurality of serially arranged stages of channels.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample containing the tumor tissue is treated with a chelating agent before pumping the sample containing the tumor tissue through the plurality of serially arranged stages of channels.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the sample containing the tumor tissue is also treated with a digestion enzyme before pumping the sample containing the tumor tissue through the plurality of serially arranged stages of channels.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the chelating agent comprises EDTA.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the processed sample is collected after passing through a filter.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein a buffer solution is added to the tissue dissociation device each time the tumor tissue sample is pumped through the plurality of serially arranged stages.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tumor tissue is obtained from a needle biopsy procedure.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the collected processed sample comprises single cells.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the collected processed sample comprises clusters of cells.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tissue dissociation device is washed with buffer prior to introducing the tumor tissue sample.