Payload management system

1. A method for determining an amount of a payload in a bucket of an excavator, the bucket having a first pivot point and a second pivot point, comprising:

establishing a reference datum, the reference datum being horizontal and extending through the second pivot point;

applying a force to the first pivot point on the bucket, said force holding the bucket at a defined position with respect to the reference datum;

measuring an angle at which the force is applied to hold the bucket in the defined position with respect to the reference datum;

measuring a first strain along a first axis in a pivot pin provided at the second pivot point of the bucket;

determining a first reaction force along the first axis from the measured first strain and the angle;

measuring a second strain along a second axis in the pivot pin provided at the second pivot point of the bucket, the second axis being generally orthogonal to the first axis;

determining a second reaction force along the second axis from the measured second strain and the angle;

determining the amount of the payload in the bucket based the first and second reaction forces; and

using the amount of payload to control excavator operations.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining the amount of the payload in the bucket comprises neglecting effects from bucket acceleration.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining a first reaction force comprises determining the first reaction force according to the equation: R x =F cos θ, where R x is the first reaction force, F is a magnitude of applied force, and θ is the angle.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pivot pin is a biaxial force sensing clevis pin.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first pivot point comprises a direct linkage between the bucket and a hydraulic actuator.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second pivot point comprises a connection between the bucket and a stick member of the excavator.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein using the amount of payload to control excavator operations comprises minimizing pivot pin fatigue.

8. A payload management system for determining an amount of a payload contained in a bucket of an excavator, the bucket having a first pivot point and a second pivot point, comprising:

an actuator directly connected to the first pivot point of the bucket, the actuator applying a force to the first pivot point, said force holding the bucket at a defined position with respect to a reference datum, the reference datum being horizontal and extending through the second pivot point;

a biaxial force sensing system operatively associated with the bucket of the excavator, the biaxial force sensing system measuring biaxial strain along a first axis and a second axis provided at the second pivot point of the bucket, the first axis being generally orthogonal to the second axis, a first strain being measured along the first axis and a second strain being measured along the second axis;

an angle sensing system operatively associated with the bucket of the excavator, the angle sensing system sensing a direction of said force with respect to the reference datum; and

a processing system operatively associated with said biaxial force sensing system and said angle sensing system, the processing system automatically using the direction and the first strain and the second strain to determine reaction forces on the second pivot point.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the processing system automatically calculates a payload amount in the bucket from the reaction forces.

10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the biaxial force sensing system comprises a force sensing clevis pin.

11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the biaxial force sensing system comprises a force sensing pivot pin at the second pivot point.

12. The method of claim 3 , wherein determining a second reaction force comprises determining the second reaction force according to the equation:

R y =Payload+ W bucket −F sin θ.