Heater, in particular high-temperature heater, and method for the production thereof
A heater, in particular a high-temperature heater, for example for domestic heating appliances, in which a layer that produces heat when a current flows through is provided on a carrier material as a heating element, wherein a first electrically conductive layer which is formed from a free-flowing, non-electrically conductive base material and carbon nano tubes dispersed therein is applied to the carrier material, wherein a protective layer is applied to this first layer and at least partly penetrates into the first layer as it is applied, or wherein a functional layer with carbon nano tubes dispersed therein is applied to the carrier material, and wherein the at least one layer or the functional layer makes contact with strip-like contact elements, and the layers applied to the carrier material or the functional layer are heated.
1. A heating installation comprising:
a substrate;
a first electrically conductive layer on the substrate, the first electrically conductive layer including base material and carbon nanotubes dispersed in the base material; and
a protective layer provided on the first electrically conductive layer;
wherein the protective layer is penetrated into the first electrically conductive layer through a surface of the first electrically conductive layer.
2. The heating installation according to claim 1 , wherein at least the first electrically conductive layer is contacted with strip-shaped contact elements.
3. The heating installation according to claim 1 , wherein the first electrically conductive layer and the protective layer have a combined layer thickness of less than 500 μm.
4. The heating installation according to claim 1 , wherein the first electrically conductive layer has a concentration of 0.1 to 3 wt % carbon nanotubes in the base material.
5. The heating installation according to claim 1 , wherein the first electrically conductive layer has a concentration of 1 to 3 wt % carbon nanotubes in the base material, and a concentration of 5 to 50 wt % graphite in the base material.
6. The heating installation according to claim 1 , wherein the heating installation provided by the first electrically conductive layer and the protective layer has an electrical resistance of less than 100 Ω/Sq.
7. The heating installation according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of: ceramic, glass ceramic, aluminium oxide ceramic, and MgO.