Compound combinations for attenuation of bacterial virulence
Methods for modulating quorum sensing in certain Gram-negative bacteria having multiple QS systems including Las, Rhl, and Pqs with associated receptors (LasR, RhlR and PqsR) which are modulated by small molecule modulators, particularly non-native modulators. Certain combinations of modulators of Las, Rhl and Pqs exhibit improved inhibition of virulence in comparison to the respective individual modulators. In particular, certain combinations of modulators exhibit improved inhibition in nutritionally depleted environments. More specifically, certain combinations of modulators exhibit improved inhibition in environments depleted in phosphate and/or environments depleted in iron. Nutrient depleted environments can mimic environments associated with bacterial infection in humans and non-human animals. The methods are useful in particular for modulating QS in Pseudomonas and Burkholderia.
1. A method for inhibiting quorum sensing in a Gram-negative bacterium having multiple quorum sensing systems which comprises contacting the bacterium or an environment containing the bacterium with a combination of a first quorum sensing inhibitor selective for a first quorum sensing system and at least a second quorum sensing inhibitor selective for a second quorum sensing system, wherein
the first quorum sensing inhibitor is:
and the second quorum sensing inhibitor is:
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Gram-negative bacterium is a species of the genus Pseudomonas.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first quorum-sensing inhibitor is:
and the second quorum sensing inhibitor is:
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein, the environment of the Gram-negative bacterium is depleted in one or more nutrients needed for the bacterium.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the environment is depleted in iron or phosphate.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the Gram-negative bacterium is a strain of the genus Pseudomonas.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the Gram-negative bacterium is a strain of the genus Pseudomonas.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Gram-negative bacterium is a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
9. The method of claim 4 , wherein the Gram-negative bacterium is a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
10. The method of claim 5 , wherein the Gram-negative bacterium is a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.