Method for biofabricating composite material

1. A method for making a composite material comprising:

dispersing, encapsulating, incorporating, depositing, or otherwise introducing at least one biofabricated material into or onto at least one porous, permeable, or absorptive secondary component; wherein the at least one biofabricated material comprises a network of non-human collagen fibrils, wherein less than 10% by weight of the collagen fibrils in the material are in the form of collagen fibers having a diameter of 5 μm or more and less than 10% by weight of the collagen fibrils are in the form of fibrils aligned for 100 μm or more of their lengths; wherein said material contains no more than 40% by weight water; and wherein said material contains at least 1% of a lubricant; or

dispersing, encapsulating, incorporating, depositing, or otherwise introducing at least one biofabricated material into or onto at least one porous, permeable, or absorptive secondary component; wherein said and at least one biofabricated material comprises a network of recombinant non-human collagen fibrils, wherein the collagen contains substantially no hydroxylysine; wherein said material contains no more than 25% by weight water; and wherein said material contains at least 1% of a lubricant, wherein said lubricant is a fat, castor oil, pine oil, lanolin, mink oil, neatsfoot oil, fish oil, shea butter, aloe, cod oil, a sulfonated oil, a polymer, an organofunctional siloxane, an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a cationic polymeric surfactant, an anionic polymeric surfactant, an amphiphilic polymer, a fatty acid, a modified fatty acid, a nonionic hydrophilic polymer, a nonionic hydrophobic polymer, a polyacrylic acids, a polymethacrylic acid, an acrylic, a natural rubber, a synthetic rubber, a resin, an amphiphilic anionic polymer, an amphiphilic anionic copolymer, amphiphilic cationic polymer, amphiphilic cationic copolymer, and mixtures thereof.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said method is (i) and wherein the at least one biofabricated material is produced by a process comprising in any order:

fibrillating an aqueous solution or suspension of non-human collagen molecules into collagen fibrils,

crosslinking said collagen fibrils by contacting them with at least one crosslinking agent,

dehydrating the crosslinked collagen fibrils so that they contain less than 40% by weight water,

lubricating by incorporating at least 1% by weight of at least one lubricant into said material.

3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein said biofabricated material is produced by fibrillating recombinant collagen.

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said method is (ii) and wherein the at least one biofabricated material is produced by a process comprising in any order:

fibrillating an aqueous solution or suspension of recombinant non-human collagen molecules into collagen fibrils,

crosslinking said collagen fibrils by contacting them with at least one crosslinking agent,

dehydrating the crosslinked collagen fibrils so that they contain less than 25% by weight water,

lubricating by incorporating at least 1% by weight of at least one lubricant into said material.

5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein said fibrillating, crosslinking, dehydrating and/or lubricating is performed for a time and under conditions that produce less than 10% by weight of the collagen fibrils in the biofabricated material in the form of collagen fibers having a diameter of 5 μm or more, in the form of fibrils aligned for 100 μm or more of their lengths, or both.

6. The method of claim 1 that comprises introducing the biofabricated material into or onto a top or bottom, or inner and outer, surface of the secondary component.

7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising crosslinking the biofabricated material once introduced.

8. The method of claim 6 , further comprising dehydrating the biofabricated material once introduced.

9. The method of claim 6 , further comprising lubricating the biofabricated material once introduced.

10. The method of claim 6 that comprises introducing the biofabricated material into or onto the secondary component by filtration, dipping, spraying or coating.

11. The method of claim 6 that comprises applying the biofabricated material to only one side of the secondary component.

12. The method of claim 6 that comprises applying the biofabricated material to both sides of the secondary component.

13. The method of claim 6 that comprises layering the biofabricated material between two layers of the secondary component.

14. The method of claim 6 , wherein the secondary component comprises a fiber, a woven or nonwoven fabric, or other fibrous material.

15. The method of claim 1 that comprises embedding or admixing the at least one secondary component in or with the biofabricated material.