Modulation of breast cancer growth by modulation of XBP1 activity
Described herein is a previously unknown function of XBP1 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). It is shown that XBP1 is preferentially spliced and activated in TNBC, and that deletion of XBP1 significantly blocks triple negative breast tumor growth. Strikingly, XBP1 is required for the self-renewal of breast tumor initiating cells (TICs). Genome-wide mapping of the XBP1 transcriptional regulatory network identified a fundamental role for XBP1 in regulating the response to hypoxia via the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α). Importantly, activation of this pathway appears to carry prognostic implications, as expression of the XBP1-dependent signature is associated with shorter survival times in human TNBC.
1. A method for treating triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a direct inhibitor of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) and doxorubicin each in an amount effective to inhibit growth of cancer cells in said subject, such that TNBC in the subject is treated;
wherein the direct inhibitor of XBP1 is an XBP1 shRNA.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the direct inhibitor of XBP1 is administered to breast tissue of said subject.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the direct inhibitor of XBP1 is administered directly to the breast tissue of the subject.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treatment promotes longer relapse-free survival of the subject.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treating comprises reducing the population of chemotherapy-resistant tumor initiating breast cancer cells in the subject.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the comprises depleting breast tumor initiating breast cancer cells in the subject.