Antimicrobial glass compositions, glasses and polymeric articles incorporating the same
Embodiments of the present invention pertain to antimicrobial glass compositions, glasses and articles. The articles include a glass, which may include a glass phase and a cuprite phase. In other embodiments, the glasses include as plurality of Cu 1+ ions, a degradable phase including B 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 and K 2 O and a durable phase including SiO 2 . Other embodiments include glasses having a plurality of Cu 1+ ions disposed on the surface of the glass and in the glass network and/or the glass matrix. The article may also include a polymer. The glasses and articles disclosed herein exhibit a 2 log reduction or greater in a concentration of at least one of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , and E. coli , under the EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy as a Sanitizer testing conditions and under Modified JIS Z 2801 for Bacteria testing conditions. In some embodiments, the glass and articles exhibit a 2 log reduction or greater in a concentration of Murine Norovirus under Modified JIS Z 2801 Test for Viruses testing conditions.
1. An article comprising:
a carrier comprising a polymer or a monomer; and
a glass comprising, in mole percent, SiO 2 in the range from about 40 to about 70 and Al2O3 in the range from about 10 to about 20, at least one of B 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 , alkaline earth oxides, and R 2 O, and a plurality of Cu 1+ ions,
wherein R is any one or more of K, Na, Li, Rb and Cs,
wherein a portion of the plurality of Cu 1+ ions leach from the glass when the glass is exposed to or in contact with a leachate,
wherein the leachate is water,
wherein the plurality of Cu 1+ ions is provided in the glass as a copper-containing oxide,vwherein the glass is provided as particulates or as fibers and
further wherein the amount of the copper-containing oxide exceeds the amount of Al 2 O 3 in mole percent.
2. The article of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises one of polycarbonate, nylon, polycarbonate and poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) blends, poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene), polybutyleneterephthlate, polyethyleneterephthalate, polyethyleneterephthalate copolymers, polyphenylene oxide, polyvinylchloride, and acrylic polymers, and further wherein the monomer comprises one of a catalyst-curable monomer, a thermally-curable monomer, a radiation-curable monomer and combinations thereof.
3. The article of claim 2 , wherein the polymer comprises a thermosetting polymer.
4. The article of claim 1 , further exhibiting any one or more of
a 2 log reduction or greater in a concentration of any one or more of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomomas aeruginosa , Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , and E. coli , under EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy as a Sanitizer testing conditions,
a 4 log reduction or greater in a concentration of any one or more of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomomas aeruginosa bacteria, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , and E. coli , under JIS Z 2801 (2000) testing conditions or a Modified JIS Z 2801 Test for Bacteria, and
a 4 log reduction or greater in a concentration of Murine Norovirus under a Modified JIS Z 2801 Test for Viruses.
5. The article of claim 1 , wherein the copper-containing oxide comprises Cu 2 O.
6. The article of claim 1 , wherein the glass is substantially free of tenorite.
7. The article of claim 1 , wherein the glass comprises a first phase and a cuprite phase, wherein the cuprite phase comprises crystals having an average major dimension of about 5 micrometers (μm) or less, wherein the first phase comprises at least one of B 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 and R 2 O, and further wherein R is any one or more of K, Na, Li, Rb and Cs.
8. A method of making an antimicrobial article comprising:
melting a glass composition to form a glass comprising a cuprite phase comprising a plurality of Cu 1+ ions; and a first phase comprising, in mole percent, SiO 2 in the range from about 40 to about 70 and Al 2 O 3 in the range from about 10 to about 20, at least one of B 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 , alkaline earth oxides, and R 2 O;
forming the glass into at least one of particulates and fibers;
dispersing the at least one of particulates and fibers in a polymer to provide a filled polymer; and
forming the filled polymer into the antimicrobial article,
wherein R is any one or more of K, Na, Li, Rb and Cs,
wherein a portion of the plurality of Cu 1+ ions leach from the glass when the glass is exposed to or in contact with a leachate,
wherein the leachate is water,
wherein the plurality of Cu 1+ ions is provided in the glass as a copper-containing oxide, and
further wherein the amount of the copper-containing oxide exceeds the amount of Al 2 O 3 in mole percent.
9. An article comprising:
a carrier comprising a polymer or a monomer;
a glass comprising, in mole percent, SiO 2 in the range from about 40 to about 70 and Al 2 O 3 in the range from about 10 to about 20, at least one of B 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 , alkaline earth oxides, and R 2 O, and a plurality of Cu 1+ ions; and
one or more pigments to impart color in the article,
wherein R is any one or more of K, Na, Li, Rb and Cs,
wherein a portion of the plurality of Cu 1+ ions leach from the glass when the glass is exposed to or in contact with a leachate,
wherein the leachate is water,
wherein the plurality of Cu 1+ ions is provided in the glass as a copper-containing oxide, wherein the glass is provided as particulates or as fibers and
further wherein the amount of the copper-containing oxide exceeds the amount of Al 2 O 3 in mole percent.
10. The article of claim 9 , wherein the polymer comprises one of polycarbonate, nylon, polycarbonate and poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) blends, poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene), polybutyleneterephthlate, polyethyleneterephthalate, polyethyleneterephthalate copolymers, polyphenylene oxide, polyvinylchloride, and acrylic polymers, and further wherein the monomer comprises one of a catalyst-curable monomer, a thermally-curable monomer, a radiation-curable monomer and combinations thereof.
11. The article of claim 10 , wherein the polymer comprises a thermosetting polymer.
12. The article of claim 9 , further exhibiting any one or more of
a 2 log reduction or greater in a concentration of any one or more of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomomas aeruginosa , Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , and E. coli , under EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy as a Sanitizer testing conditions,
a 4 log reduction or greater in a concentration of any one or more of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomomas aeruginosa bacteria, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , and E. coli , under JIS Z 2801 (2000) testing conditions or a Modified JIS Z 2801 Test for Bacteria, and
a 4 log reduction or greater in a concentration of Murine Norovirus under a Modified JIS Z 2801 Test for Viruses.
13. The article of claim 9 , wherein the copper-containing oxide comprises Cu 2 O.
14. The article of claim 9 , wherein the glass is substantially free of tenorite.
15. The article of claim 9 , wherein the glass comprises a first phase and a cuprite phase, wherein the cuprite phase comprises crystals having an average major dimension of about 5 micrometers (μm) or less, wherein the first phase comprises at least one of B 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 and R 2 O, and further wherein R is any one or more of K, Na, Li, Rb and Cs.