Apparatuses for layup tooling
A tool for laying up composite material to form a workpiece having a target contour is disclosed. The tool includes a support structure including an elongated member having a longitudinal axis, and support plates connected to the elongated member and spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal axis. The elongated member includes a metallic material. The tool also includes a non-metallic backing structure connected to the support plates, the non-metallic backing structure comprising a working surface that includes a backing contour complementary to the target contour.
1. A tool for laying up composite material to form a workpiece having a target contour, the tool comprising:
a support structure comprising:
an elongated member, having a longitudinal axis and comprising a metallic material;
support plates connected to the elongated member and spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal axis, wherein all but one of the support plates or all of the support plates float relative to the elongated member along the longitudinal axis with a sliding fit; and
a non-metallic backing structure, connected to the support plates, and comprising a working surface that comprises a backing contour, complementary to the target contour.
2. The tool of claim 1 , wherein:
at least one of the support plates further comprises:
a first opening having a first dimension; and
a bushing support, adjacent to the first opening and comprising a second opening, having a second dimension smaller than the first dimension; and
the second dimension is sized to provide the sliding fit between bushing support and the elongated member along the longitudinal axis.
3. The tool of claim 2 , wherein the bushing support comprises a first portion and a second portion separate from the first portion.
4. The tool of claim 1 , wherein:
at least one of the support plates is coupled to the elongated member via at least one bracket that is fixedly attached to the at least one of the support plates;
the at least one bracket floats relative to the elongated member with a sliding fit along the longitudinal axis; and
the at least one bracket is restrained from rotating relative to the elongated member.
5. The tool of claim 4 , wherein the at least one bracket is L-shaped and comprises a slot.
6. The tool of claim 4 , wherein at least one of the at least one of the support plates mounted to the elongated member via the at least one bracket is positioned proximate a longitudinal end of the non-metallic backing structure.
7. The tool of claim 1 , wherein:
the elongated member is comprised entirely of the metallic material;
the non-metallic backing structure is comprised entirely of a non-metallic material;
the non-metallic material of the non-metallic backing structure has a first thermal coefficient of expansion;
the metallic material of the elongated member has a second thermal coefficient of expansion; and
the first thermal coefficient of expansion and the second thermal coefficient of expansion are different.
8. The tool of claim 1 , wherein:
the elongated member is comprised entirely of the metallic material;
the non-metallic backing structure is comprised entirely of a non-metallic material;
the non-metallic material of the non-metallic backing structure has a first thermal coefficient of expansion;
the metallic material of the elongated member has a second thermal coefficient of expansion; and
the first thermal coefficient of expansion and the second thermal coefficient of expansion differ by a factor of 2.5 or more.
9. The tool of claim 1 , wherein the non-metallic backing structure comprises a polyetherimide (PEI) material.
10. The tool of claim 1 , wherein the metallic material comprises aluminum.
11. The tool of claim 1 , wherein the non-metallic backing structure has a length, a height, and a width, and wherein at least one of the length, the height, or the width is greater than 36 inches.
12. The tool of claim 1 , wherein:
the elongated member has an outer dimension;
the support plates comprised the metallic material; and
each of the support plates comprises:
a first opening, having a first dimension greater than the outer dimension of the elongated member; and
a plurality of third openings, surrounding the first opening.
13. The tool of claim 1 , wherein:
the non-metallic backing structure comprises ribs, located on a surface opposite the working surface; and
the support plates of the support structure are connected to the ribs.
14. The tool of claim 13 , wherein the ribs comprise holes, configured to accept fasteners for securing the non-metallic backing structure to the support plates of the support structure.
15. The tool of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the size or shape of the backing contour that is complementary to the target contour differs from the contour by an amount configured to account for a change in shape when the workpiece is removed from the tool.
16. The tool of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the size or shape of the backing contour that is complementary to the target contour differs from the contour by an amount configured to account for a thickness of material used to form the workpiece.
17. The tool of claim 1 , wherein the non-metallic material comprises an unfilled PEI.
18. The tool of claim 1 , wherein the non-metallic backing structure comprises plural backing structure portions, joined together to form the non-metallic backing structure.
19. The tool of claim 18 , further comprising an epoxy material, joining the plural backing structure portions together.