Estimating wellbore cement properties
A method of estimating properties of wellbore cement by penetrating the cement, and monitoring the amount of energy or power required for penetrating the cement. Penetrators include a drill bit that bores into the cement, and probes or pins that are forced into the cement. The energy or power monitored can be current and/or voltage supplied to a motor that drives the drill bit or probe. Comparing the monitored energy or power with that required to penetrate a reference cement sample of known properties can yield information about the cement being sampled. When the wellbore is lined with multiple coaxially disposed strings of casing with cement between adjacent strings and on the outer surface of the outer string; the method further includes obtaining core samples from portions of each string, each layer of cement, and formation adjacent the wellbore.
1. A method of operations in a wellbore comprising:
deploying a testing assembly in the wellbore, the testing assembly comprising a motor and a bit;
rotating the bit by energizing the motor;
monitoring operational data of the motor;
boring the bit into cement that lines the wellbore;
consulting a reference database that comprises physical information of a plurality of reference cements, and reference operational data of a reference motor when boring into each of the plurality of reference cements; and
establishing physical information of the cement that lines the wellbore by correlating the monitored operational data with the physical information of the reference cement.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the operational data comprises electricity delivered to the motor, and wherein the reference operational data comprises electricity delivered to the reference motor.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising analyzing the results of acoustic testing of the cement to obtain additional information about the physical information of the cement.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising refining results inferred from an acoustic interrogation of the wellbore with the physical information of the cement established by correlating the monitored operational data with the physical information of the reference cement.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the bit comprises a coring bit, and wherein a core sample of the cement is retrieved and analyzed.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising recording a force required to break the core sample from the cement.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the bit comprises a drill bit having a helical flute.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the physical information comprises a physical property of the cement that is selected from the group consisting of mechanical specific energy, unconfined compressive strength, yield strength, density, and combinations thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising assessing a need to remediate the cement based on the step of establishing physical information of the cement.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of monitoring operational data of the motor is conducted prior to contacting the casing with the bit, while the bit is boring in the casing and cement, and after the bit is removed from the casing and the cement.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising confirming cement presence and integrity when forming holes prior to a cement squeeze operation.
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising confirming that the cement provides a barrier to isolate subterranean zones from one another.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising generating the reference database by using the reference motor to bore into a plurality of reference sample assemblies, that each comprise reference casing and the reference cement, and by monitoring the electricity delivered to the reference motor when boring into each reference sample assembly, and populating the reference database with values of the monitored electricity that correspond to the reference cement being bored.
14. A method of operations in a wellbore comprising:
boring into a sidewall of the wellbore with a testing assembly;
monitoring operational data of the testing assembly when the testing assembly is boring into the sidewall;
consulting a reference database that comprises physical information of a reference sidewall and reference operational data of a reference motor when boring into the reference sidewall;
identifying reference operational data from the reference database having a value substantially the same as the monitored operational data; and
estimating physical information of the cement in the wellbore to be the same as reference physical information that corresponds to the identified reference operational data.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the testing assembly comprises a motor and a bit, and wherein the bit bores into the sidewall, and wherein the sidewall comprises casing, cement, and subterranean formation.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the operational data comprises electricity delivered to the motor, and wherein the physical information comprises unconfined compressive strength.
17. A method of operations in a wellbore comprising:
penetrating a sidewall of the wellbore;
monitoring an amount of energy consumed to penetrate the sidewall;
comparing the amount of energy consumed to an amount of energy consumed when penetrating a sidewall having known physical information; and
estimating physical information about the cement based on the step of comparing.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the physical information comprises mechanical specific energy, unconfined compressive strength, the Poisson ratio, Young's modulus, yield strength, density, and other mechanical properties.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the sidewall comprises casing, cement, and formation, the method further comprising penetrating a plurality of samples of cement having known physical information, and monitoring amounts of energy consumed to penetrate each sample, and creating a database that correlates the amount of energy consumed for penetrating the cement.