Organic light-emitting display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same
An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate, a pixel electrode disposed on the substrate, a pixel-defining layer (PDL) disposed on the pixel electrode and having an opening exposing at least a part of the pixel electrode, an intermediate layer, a protective layer, and an opposite electrode be disposed on the PDL and having an opening exposing at least a part of the protective layer, wherein the opposite electrode is electrically connected to the protective layer. The intermediate layer may include a central portion disposed on the pixel electrode, an edge portion that extends from the central portion and contacts the PDL, at least one common layer, and an organic emission layer. The protective layer may include a central portion disposed on the central portion of the intermediate layer and an edge portion that extends from the central portion of the protective layer.
1. An organic light-emitting display apparatus, comprising:
a substrate;
a pixel electrode disposed on the substrate;
a pixel-defining layer (PDL) disposed on the pixel electrode and having an opening exposing at least a part of the pixel electrode;
an intermediate layer comprising a central portion disposed on the pixel electrode, an edge portion that extends from the central portion and contacts the PDL, at least one common layer, and an organic emission layer, wherein a portion of the edge portion of the intermediate layer is disposed farther away from the substrate than the central portion of intermediate layer;
a protective layer comprising a central portion disposed on the central portion of the intermediate layer and an edge portion that extends from the central portion of the protective layer, wherein a portion of the edge portion of the protective layer is disposed farther away from the substrate than the central portion of the protective layer; and
an opposite electrode disposed on the PDL and having an opening exposing the central portion of the protective layer,
wherein the opposite electrode is electrically connected to the protective layer, and
wherein the opposite electrode comprises an area that covers at least a part of the edge portion of the protective layer and contacts the edge portion of the protective layer directly.
2. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the opposite electrode is not disposed on the central portion of the intermediate layer and the central portion of the protective layer.
3. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the organic emission layer in the edge portion of the intermediate layer gradually decreases as the organic emission layer extends away from the central portion of the intermediate layer.
4. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:
the protective layer and the opposite electrode comprise a same conductive material, and
the same conductive material comprises at least one of aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), lithium (Li), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), LiF/Ca, LiF/Al, MgAg, and CaAg.
5. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the protective layer comprises a conductive organic material.
6. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a capping layer disposed on the protective layer and the opposite electrode.
7. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pixel electrode comprises a first pixel electrode, a second pixel electrode, and a third pixel electrode, which are disposed on the substrate and spaced apart from each other, and the intermediate layer comprises:
a first intermediate layer disposed on the first pixel electrode and configured to emit light of a first color;
a second intermediate layer disposed on the second pixel electrode and configured to emit light of a second color;
a third intermediate layer disposed on the third pixel electrode and configured to emit light of a third color, and
the first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer, and the third intermediate layer are spaced apart from each other.
8. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the protective layer comprises:
a first protective layer disposed on the first intermediate layer;
a second protective layer disposed on the second intermediate layer; and
a third protective layer disposed on the third intermediate layer, and
the first protective layer, the second protective layer, and the third protective layer are spaced apart from each other.
9. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the opposite electrode comprises areas that directly contact an edge portion of the first protective layer, an edge portion of the second protective layer, and an edge portion of the third protective layer.
10. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the opening of the opposite electrode comprises:
a first opening exposing a central portion of the first protective layer,
a second opening exposing a central portion of the second protective layer, and
a third opening exposing a central portion of the third protective layer.