Electronic nerve stimulation
A technology is described for an electronic nerve stimulation system. The electronic nerve stimulation system can include a stimulation device operable to generate a high-frequency alternating current. The electronic nerve stimulation system can include one or more wearable electrodes operable to apply the high-frequency alternating current from the stimulation device to peripheral nerves to provide an electrical stimulation of neuronal tissue to treat pain. The one or more wearable electrodes can interface with the stimulation device via a connection system.
1. An electronic nerve stimulation system, comprising:
a stimulation device operable to generate a high-frequency alternating current; and
one or more wearable electrodes operable to apply the high-frequency alternating current from the stimulation device to peripheral nerves to provide an electrical stimulation, wherein the one or more wearable electrodes interface with the stimulation device via a connection system, wherein the stimulation device is further operable to implement a pre-programmed frequency modulation pattern when generating the high-frequency alternating current.
2. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , wherein the stimulation device is further operable to generate the high-frequency alternating current to be a waveform ranging from 10 to 50 kilohertz (kHz).
3. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , wherein the stimulation device is further operable to generate the high-frequency alternating current to be a waveform in a 0-50 milliamp (mA) range, wherein the high-frequency alternating current is applied across a skin or body resistance of 10 ohms (Ω) to 50 kilo-ohms (kΩ).
4. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , wherein the high-frequency alternating current is applied to peripheral nerves that are less than two centimeters (cm) from a skin surface.
5. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , further comprising a power supply that provides direct current or alternating current to the stimulation device for generation of the high-frequency alternating current.
6. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , further comprising a user interface that enables adjustment of at least one of a frequency and amplitude of the high-frequency alternating current.
7. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , wherein the stimulation device is portable.
8. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , wherein the wearable electrodes are shaped to align with peripheral nerves in a target nerve location.
9. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , wherein the high-frequency alternating current is applied to the peripheral nerves to cause at least one of the following: pain blocking, sensation blocking and muscle activation.
10. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , wherein the wearable electrodes are at least one of: non-invasive, non-penetrating electrodes or minimally-invasive, penetrating electrodes.
11. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , wherein the stimulation device includes impedance testing circuitry, safety analysis circuitry, fault-detection circuitry and ground-isolation circuitry.
12. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , wherein the stimulation device is operable to generate the high-frequency alternating current via current-control circuitry that includes an amplifier, an oscillator circuit, a rectifier and a smoothing filter.
13. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , wherein the stimulation device is operable to generate the high-frequency alternating current via current-control circuitry in which feedback via two operational amplifiers creates a voltage-controlled current source.
14. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , wherein the wearable electrodes include at least one of: finger electrodes, toe electrodes, arm electrodes, leg electrodes, face electrodes, neck electrodes and penis electrodes.
15. The electronic nerve stimulation system of claim 1 , wherein the stimulation device is operable to generate the high-frequency alternating current via high frequency transcutaneous circuitry that includes a power supply, an oscillator generator, a gain amplifier and a high voltage current pump.
16. A system for blocking peripheral nerve transmission, the system comprising:
a power source;
a stimulation device operable to generate a high-frequency alternating current using current provided from the power source, wherein the stimulation device is operable to generate the high-frequency alternating current via high frequency transcutaneous circuitry that includes a power supply, an oscillator generator, a gain amplifier and a high voltage current pump; and
one or more wearable electrodes communicatively coupled to the simulation device via lead wires and connectors, wherein the wearable electrodes are operable to apply the high-frequency alternating current received from the stimulation device to peripheral nerves of a subject for the blocking of peripheral nerve transmission, wherein the one or more wearable electrodes include non-invasive, non-penetrating electrodes.
17. The system of claim 16 , wherein the stimulation device is operable to generate the high-frequency alternating current to be a sinusoidally varying, constant amplitude current waveform through a variable impedance load.
18. The system of claim 16 , wherein the stimulation device is operable to generate the high-frequency alternating current to be adjustable from 9 k to 50 k hertz (Hz) and from 0 to 20 milliamps (mA) via potentiometers.
19. The system of claim 16 , wherein the power source provides direct current or alternating current to the stimulation device for generation of the high-frequency alternating current, wherein the direct current or alternating current is provided via batteries or via a wall-plug adapter or via both batteries and wall-plug adapter.
20. The system of claim 16 , wherein the one or more wearable electrodes are not surgically implanted in the subject.
21. A method for electronically blocking peripheral nerve transmission, the method comprising:
receiving a current from a power source, wherein the current includes direct current or alternating current;
generating a high-frequency alternating current using the current provided from the power source, wherein the high-frequency alternating current is generated using a pre-programmed frequency modulation pattern; and
providing the high-frequency alternating current to one or more wearable electrodes, wherein the wearable electrodes are operable to apply the high-frequency current to peripheral nerves to stimulate neuronal tissue of a subject for the blocking of peripheral nerve transmission, wherein the one or more wearable electrodes include non-invasive, non-penetrating electrodes.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the high-frequency alternating current is generated to be a sinusoidally varying, constant amplitude current waveform through a variable impedance load.
23. The method of claim 21 , wherein the high-frequency alternating current is generated to be adjustable from 9 k to 50 k hertz (Hz) and from 0 to 20 milliamps (mA) via potentiometers.