Coating composition for metal substrates
The present invention provides novel packaging articles, e.g., food and beverage cans. Preferred cans typically comprise a body portion and an end portion, wherein at least one of the body and end portions are aluminum and are coated on at least one major surface with a coating composition of the present invention. Suitable coating compositions of the present invention comprise: one or more polyester resins, wherein at least one of the polyester resins has a glass transition temperature (‘Tg’) less than about 50° C., and wherein the polyester resin is formed by the reaction of one or more polyacid molecules and one or more polyol molecules; and a crosslinker. Preferred compositions are substantially free of mobile BPA and aromatic glycidyl ether compounds, e.g., BADGE, BFDGE and epoxy novalacs (e.g., NOGE) and more preferred compositions are also substantially free of bound BPA and aromatic glycidyl ether compounds. In more preferred embodiments (e.g., alcoholic beverage cans), the polyol molecules used to make the polyester resin are substantially free of NPG. The present invention also provides a method of making such cans.
1. A coating composition comprising:
between about 60 and 95 weight percent of one or more polyester resins, based on solids content of the coating composition, wherein between about 50 and 100 weight percent of the one or more polyester resins are low Tg polyesters having a glass transition temperature that is more than 15° C. and less than 50° C., and wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters are formed by the reaction of one or more polyacids and one or more polyols, wherein the one or more polyols are substantially free of NPG;
a crosslinker comprising a benzoguanamine-formaldehyde resin; and
a lubricant;
wherein the coating composition is an interior beverage can end coating composition and is substantially free of mobile BPA and aromatic glycidyl ether compounds.
2. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch and formed into a fully converted 202 standard opening beverage can end, passes less than 5 milliamps of current while being exposed for 4 seconds to an electrolyte solution containing 1% by weight of NaCl dissolved in deionized water.
3. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch and formed into a fully converted 202 standard opening beverage can end, passes less than 1 milliamps of current while being exposed for 4 seconds to an electrolyte solution containing 1% by weight of NaCl dissolved in deionized water.
4. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more polyacids comprise one or more of sebacic acid, terephthalic acid, and isophthalic acid.
5. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more polyols comprise one or more of ethylene glycol, cyclohexane dimethanol, or 2-methyl 1,3-propanediol.
6. The coating composition of claim 4 , wherein the one or more polyols comprise one or more of ethylene glycol, cyclohexane dimethanol, or 2-methyl 1,3-propanediol.
7. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the lubricant is present in the coating composition in an amount of about 0.1 to about 2%, by weight of nonvolatile material.
8. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the lubricant comprises a Carnauba wax or a polyethylene lubricant.
9. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition includes between 65 and 85 weight percent of the one or more polyester resins, based on solids content of the coating composition.
10. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition is substantially free of BPA and aromatic glycidyl ether compounds.
11. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition is 20 to 40% solids and includes from between 10 to 20% by weight of crosslinker, based upon the total weight of resin solids in the coating composition.
12. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the benzoguanamine-formaldehyde resin is a fully alkylated benzoguanamine-formaldehyde resin.
13. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a hydroxyl number of less than 20 and an acid number below 5.
14. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more polyols includes 2-methyl 1,3-propanediol and the one or more polyacids includes isophthalic acid.
15. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition is a liquid coating composition that includes up to about 5% of water, if any, by total weight of the coating composition.
16. A liquid coating composition comprising:
between about 60 and 95 weight percent of one or more polyester resins, based on solids content of the coating composition, wherein one or more polyester resins are low Tg polyesters having a glass transition temperature that is more than 15° C. and less than 50° C., and wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters are formed by the reaction of one or more polyacids and one or more polyols, wherein the one or more polyols are substantially free of NPG;
a crosslinker comprising a benzoguanamine-formaldehyde resin;
a lubricant; and
a nonaqueous carrier;
wherein the coating composition is an interior beverage can end coating composition that: (i) is substantially free of BPA and aromatic glycidyl ether compounds, (ii) is 20 to 40% solids, and (iii) includes from between 10 to 20% by weight of crosslinker, based upon the total weight of resin solids in the coating composition.
17. A liquid coating composition comprising:
one or more low Tg polyester resins having a glass transition temperature that is more than 15° C. and less than 50° C., and wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters are formed by the reaction of one or more polyacids including 2-methyl 1,3-propanediol and one or more polyols including isophthalic acid;
as crosslinker comprising a benzoguanamine-formaldehyde resin; and
a lubricant;
wherein the coating composition is an interior beverage can end coating composition that: (i) is substantially free of mobile BPA and aromatic glycidyl ether compounds, (ii) is 20 to 40% solids, (iii) includes from between 10 to 20% by weight of crosslinker, based upon the total weight of resin solids in the coating composition, and (iv) includes up to about 5% of water, if any, by total weight of the coating composition.
18. The coating composition of claim 17 , wherein the coating composition is substantially free of BPA and aromatic glycidyl ether compounds, and wherein the lubricant comprises one or more of a Carnauba wax or a polyethylene type lubricant.
19. The coating composition of claim 18 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a hydroxyl number of less than 20 and an acid number below 5.
20. The coating composition of claim 18 , wherein the benzoguanamine-formaldehyde resin is a fully alkylated benzoguanamine-formaldehyde resin.
21. The coating composition of claim 16 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch and formed into a fully converted 202 standard opening beverage can end, passes less than 5 milliamps of current while being exposed for 4 seconds to an electrolyte solution containing 1% by weight of NaCl dissolved in deionized water.
22. The coating composition of claim 16 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch and formed into a fully converted 202 standard opening beverage can end, passes less than 1 milliamps of current while being exposed for 4 seconds to an electrolyte solution containing 1% by weight of NaCl dissolved in deionized water.
23. The coating composition of claim 17 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch and formed into a fully converted 202 standard opening beverage can end, passes less than 5 milliamps of current while being exposed for 4 seconds to an electrolyte solution containing 1% by weight of NaCl dissolved in deionized water.
24. The coating composition of claim 18 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch and formed into a fully converted 202 standard opening beverage can end, passes less than 1 milliamps of current while being exposed for 4 seconds to an electrolyte solution containing 1% by weight of NaCl dissolved in deionized water.
25. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch, exhibits feathering of about 0.9 mm to about 0.1 mm.
26. The coating composition of claim 16 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch, exhibits feathering of about 0.9 mm to about 0.1 mm.
27. The coating composition of claim 17 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch, exhibits feathering of about 0.9 mm to about 0.1 mm.
28. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a glass transition temperature that is more than 15° C. and less than or equal to 38.7° C.
29. The coating composition of claim 16 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a glass transition temperature that is more than 15° C. and less than or equal to 38.7° C.
30. The coating composition of claim 17 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a glass transition temperature that is more than 15° C. and less than or equal to 38.7° C.
31. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the coating composition is 20 to 30% solids.
32. The coating composition of claim 16 , wherein the coating composition is 20 to 30% solids.
33. The coating composition of claim 17 , wherein the coating composition is 20 to 30% solids.
34. The coating composition of claim 32 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a hydroxyl number of less than 20 and an acid number below 5.
35. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a number average molecular weight of between 5,000 and 12,000 Daltons.
36. The coating composition of claim 16 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a number average molecular weight of between 5,000 and 12,000 Daltons.
37. The coating composition of claim 17 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a number average molecular weight of between 5,000 and 12,000 Daltons.
38. The coating composition of claim 31 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a number average molecular weight of between 5,000 and 12,000 Daltons.
39. The coating composition of claim 32 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a number average molecular weight of between 5,000 and 12,000 Daltons.
40. The coating composition of claim 33 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a number average molecular weight of between 5,000 and 12,000 Daltons.
41. The coating composition of claim 34 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a number average molecular weight of between 5,000 and 12,000 Daltons.
42. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein:
the one or more low Tg polyesters have a glass transition temperature that is more than 15° C. and less than or equal to 38.7° C.; and
the coating composition is a liquid coating composition that includes 20 to 30% solids and up to about 5% of water, if any, by total weight of the coating composition.
43. The coating composition of claim 42 , wherein the coating composition is completely free of BPA and aromatic glycidyl ether compounds, and wherein the lubricant is present in the coating composition in an amount of about 0.1 to about 2%, by weight of nonvolatile material.
44. The coating composition of claim 43 , wherein the lubricant comprises a Carnauba wax.
45. The coating composition of claim 44 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters has a hydroxyl number of less than 20 and an acid number below 5.
46. The coating composition of claim 45 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a number average molecular weight of between 5,000 and 12,000 Daltons.
47. The coating composition of claim 42 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch, exhibits feathering of about 0.9 mm to about 0.1 mm; and wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch and formed into a fully converted 202 standard opening beverage can end, passes less than 5 milliamps of current while being exposed for 4 seconds to an electrolyte solution containing 1% by weight of NaCl dissolved in deionized water.
48. The coating composition of claim 43 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch, exhibits feathering of about 0.9 mm to about 0.1 mm; and wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch and formed into a fully converted 202 standard opening beverage can end, passes less than 5 milliamps of current while being exposed for 4 seconds to an electrolyte solution containing 1% by weight of NaCl dissolved in deionized water.
49. The coating composition of claim 44 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch, exhibits feathering of about 0.9 mm to about 0.1 mm; and wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch and formed into a fully converted 202 standard opening beverage can end, passes less than 5 milliamps of current while being exposed for 4 seconds to an electrolyte solution containing 1% by weight of NaCl dissolved in deionized water.
50. The coating composition of claim 45 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch, exhibits feathering of about 0.9 mm to about 0.1 mm; and wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch and formed into a fully converted 202 standard opening beverage can end, passes less than 5 milliamps of current while being exposed for 4 seconds to an electrolyte solution containing 1% by weight of NaCl dissolved in deionized water.
51. The coating composition of claim 46 , wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch, exhibits feathering of about 0.9 mm to about 0.1 mm; and wherein the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch and formed into a fully converted 202 standard opening beverage can end, passes less than 5 milliamps of current while being exposed for 4 seconds to an electrolyte solution containing 1% by weight of NaCl dissolved in deionized water.
52. The coating composition of claim 22 , wherein:
the one or more low Tg polyesters have a glass transition temperature that is more than 15° C. and less than or equal to 38.7° C.;
the coating composition includes 20 to 30% solids; and
the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch, exhibits feathering of about 0.9 mm to about 0.1 mm.
53. The coating composition of claim 52 , wherein the coating composition is essentially completely free of BPA and aromatic glycidyl ether compounds, and wherein the lubricant is present in the coating composition in an amount of about 0.1 to about 2%, by weight of nonvolatile material.
54. The coating composition of claim 53 , wherein the lubricant comprises a Carnauba wax.
55. The coating composition of claim 52 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters has a hydroxyl number of less than 20 and an acid number below 5.
56. The coating composition of claim 53 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a number average molecular weight of between 5,000 and 12,000 Daltons.
57. The coating composition of claim 23 , wherein:
the one or more low Tg polyesters have a glass transition temperature that is more than 15° C. and less than or equal to 38.7° C., a hydroxyl number of less than 20, and an acid number below 5;
the coating composition includes 20 to 30% solids; and
the coating composition, when applied to a cleaned and chrome-treated aluminum panel and cured for 14 seconds to a 249° C. peak metal temperature to achieve a dried film thickness of approximately 7.5 milligram per square inch, exhibits feathering of about 0.9 mm to about 0.1 mm.
58. The coating composition of claim 57 , wherein the coating composition is completely free of BPA and aromatic glycidyl ether compounds, and wherein the lubricant is present in the coating composition in an amount of about 0.1 to about 2%, by weight of nonvolatile material.
59. The coating composition of claim 58 , wherein the lubricant comprises a Carnauba wax.
60. The coating composition of claim 57 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters has a hydroxyl number of less than 20 and an acid number below 5.
61. The coating composition of claim 60 , wherein the one or more low Tg polyesters have a number average molecular weight of between 5,000 and 12,000 Daltons.