Derivatives of native lignin, lignin-wax compositions, their preparation, and uses thereof
A wax composition comprising a lignin derivative wherein the derivative has a total hydroxyl content of from about 0.1 mmol/g to about 7 mmol/g.
1. A composite wood product comprising a wax emulsion comprising:
a lignin derivative extracted from a lignocellulosic biomass, wherein the lignin derivative comprises a total hydroxyl content of from about 0.1 mmol/g to about 7 mmol/g; and
a wax;
wherein the wax emulsion comprises, on a solid content basis, about 10% or greater by weight of the lignin derivative.
2. The composite wood product according to claim 1 , wherein the total hydroxyl content is from about 3 mmol/g to about 6.4 mmol/g.
3. The composite wood product according to claim 1 , wherein the lignin derivative further comprising alkoxy groups.
4. The composite wood product according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is from a hardwood biomass, a softwood biomass, or an annual fibre biomass.
5. The composite wood product according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is from Populus spp., Eucalyptus spp., Acacia spp., or any combination/hybrid thereof.
6. The composite wood product according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is from pine, spruce, or any combination/hybrid thereof.
7. The composite wood product according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is from wheat straw, bagasse, corn cobs, or any combination/hybrid thereof.
8. The composite wood product according to claim 1 , wherein the wax is a slack wax.
9. The composite wood product according to claim 1 , wherein the wax emulsion comprises, on a solid content basis, from about 20% to about 90%, by weight of the lignin derivative.
10. The composite wood product according to claim 1 , comprising, on a solid content basis, from about 1% to about 90%, by weight of the wax.
11. The composite wood product according to claim 8 , comprising, on a solid content basis, from about 20% to about 90%, by weight of the slack wax.
12. The composite wood product according to claim 1 , the lignin derivative having a weight average molecular weight from about 500 g/mol to about 5000 g/mol.
13. The composite wood product according to claim 1 , further comprising a surface tension reducing agent or an interfacial tension reducing agent, and a lignin solubilizing agent.
14. The composite wood product according to claim 13 , wherein the surface tension reducing agent or the interfacial tension reducing agent is a lignosulphate, an isogenic lignin derivative, an ionogenic detergent or a combination thereof.
15. The composite wood product according to claim 14 , wherein the ionogenic detergent is sodium dodecyl sulfate.
16. A method of producing the composite wood product according to claim 1 , the method comprising:
(a) preparing an aqueous solution comprising one of a surface tension reducing agent and an interfacial tension reducing agent;
(b) co-mingling with the aqueous solution a selected amount of a base, thereby forming a basic aqueous solution;
(c) co-mingling with the basic aqueous solution a selected amount of a lignin derivative having a total hydroxyl content of from about 0.1 mmol/g to about 7 mmol/g, thereby forming a mixture;
(d) separating the mixture into a filtrate and a retentate, wherein the lignin derivative is co-mingled with the filtrate;
(e) co-mingling a selected volume of the filtrate with a selected volume of a wax to form a wax emulsion; and
(f) blending and pressing the wax emulsion with a wood feedstock and a phenol-formaldehyde resin to form the composite wood product.
17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the one of a surface tension reducing agent and an interfacial tension reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of lingo-sulphonates, isogenic lignin derivatives, ionogenic detergents, and any combination thereof.