Organoids for drug screening and personalized medicine
Cell culture mediums for generating organoids, including tumour organoids. Specifically, such mediums comprise: a cell culture medium; an antioxidant; a serum free supplement; an insulin receptor agonist; a glucocorticoid; and an FGFR agonist. Other aspects involve methods of generating tumour organoids from tumours. Such methods can comprise generating pancreatic progenitor organoids from pluripotent stem cells, pancreatic lineage committed progenitors.
1. A method for generating human pancreatic exocrine lineage organoids from pluripotent stem cell-derived pancreatic lineage committed progenitors, comprising:
a) digesting the pancreatic progenitors isolated from a sample;
b) plating the progenitors in a Pancreatic Progenitor and Tumor Organoid Medium (PTOM) comprising:
a cell culture medium selected from DMEM, F12, L-15, or RPMI, or combinations thereof;
an antioxidant selected from vitamin A or its derivatives, Resveratrol, Fisetin, or L-Glutathione;
a serum free supplement;
an insulin receptor agonist;
a glucocorticoid;
an FGFR agonist; and
one or more of an antibiotic, a retinoic receptor agonist, or an EGFR agonist;
c) replacing the PTOM with a Pancreatic Organoid Differentiation Media I (PODM I) comprising:
a cell culture medium selected from DMEM, F12, L-15, or RPMI, or combinations thereof;
an antioxidant;
a FGF;
an EGF;
a TGF-beta inhibitor; and
d) replacing the PODM I with a Pancreatic Organoid Differentiation Media II (PODM II) comprising:
a cell culture medium selected from DMEM, F12, L-15, or RPMI, or combinations thereof;
an antioxidant;
a FGF;
an EGF; and
a serum free supplement.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the insulin receptor agonist is insulin, Demethylasterriquinone B1, HNG6A, IGFI, or IGF2.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucocorticoid is Dexamethasone, Fluticasone propionate, Hydrocortisone, or Corticosterone.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the FGFR agonist is at least one of FGF1, FGF2, FGF3, FGF4, FGF5, FGF6, FGF7, FGF8, FGF9 and FGF10.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the PTOM further comprises a retinoic receptor agonist, wherein the retinoic receptor agonist is retinoic acid.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the PTOM further comprises an EGFR agonist and the EGFR agonist is one or more of EGF, HGF, a TGF, a NRG, or Amphiregulin.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pancreatic exocrine lineage organoids carry an oncogene.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the oncogene is exogenously introduced.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the oncogene is a mutant KRAS, a mutant TP53, a mutant CDNK2A, or a mutant SMAD4.
10. A method for generating tumour organoids from a lung tumor, a colon tumor, a prostrate tumor, or a pancreatic tumor, comprising:
a) digesting the tumour isolated from a sample;
b) resuspending tumour cells from the tumour in a Pancreatic Progenitor and Tumor Organoid Medium (PTOM) comprising:
a cell culture medium selected from DMEM, F12, L-15, or RPMI, or combinations thereof;
an antioxidant selected from vitamin A or its derivatives, Resveratrol, Fisetin, or L-Glutathione;
a serum free supplement;
an insulin receptor agonist;
a glucocorticoid;
an FGFR agonist; and
one or more of an antibiotic, a retinoic receptor agonist, or an EGFR agonist;
c) replacing the PTOM with a Pancreatic Organoid Differentiation Media I (PODM I) comprising:
a cell culture medium selected from DMEM, F12, L-15, or RPMI, or combinations thereof;
an antioxidant;
a FGF;
an EGF; and
a TGF-beta inhibitor; and
d) replacing the PODM I with a Pancreatic Organoid Differentiation Media II (PODM II) comprising:
a cell culture medium selected from DMEM, F12, L-15, or RPMI, or combinations thereof;
an antioxidant;
a FGF;
an EGF; and
a serum free supplement;
wherein the tumor-organoids show similar marker expression patterns with the matched primary tumors.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the tumour organoids can be maintained for up to 1 year.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the insulin receptor agonist is insulin, Demethylasterriquinone B 1, HNG6A, IGFI, or IGF2.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the glucocorticoid is Dexamethasone, Fluticasone propionate, Hydrocortisone, or Corticosterone.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the FGFR agonist is at least one of FGF1, FGF2, FGF3, FGF4, FGF5, FGF6, FGF7, FGF8, FGF9 and FGF10.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the retinoic receptor agonist is retinoic acid.
16. The method of claim 10 , wherein the EGFR agonist is one or more of EGF, HGF, a TGF, a NRG, or Amphiregulin.
17. The method of claim 10 , wherein the resuspending is performed along with a biomatrix substance.
18. The method of claim 10 , wherein the plating is performed on a same or different biomatrix substance.