Low pressure ethane liquefaction and purification from a high pressure liquid ethane source
A plant and process are used to liquefy and purify a high pressure ethane feed stream. The plant includes a cascaded refrigeration system that refrigerates the ethane feed stream. The refrigeration system includes a propylene circuit, an ethylene circuit and a mixed refrigerant circuit. The mixed refrigerant circuit includes a refrigerant that includes ethane and methane. The plant includes a demethanizer that is configured to remove methane and other natural gas liquids from the refrigerated ethane stream.
1. A method for liquefying and purifying a high pressure ethane feed stream, the method comprising:
receiving an ethane feed stream from a high pressure pipeline source;
dehydrating the ethane feed stream by sequentially rotating the ethane feed stream through a plurality of inter-connected molecular sieve beds configured within a dehydration unit at which the ethane feed stream is received; and
refrigerating the dehydrated ethane feed stream by:
passing a propylene refrigerant through a first refrigeration circuit comprising at least one propylene compressor and at least one propylene heat exchanger configured to refrigerate the dehydrated ethane feed stream;
passing the dehydrated ethane feed stream through the first refrigeration circuit;
passing an ethylene refrigerant through a second refrigeration circuit including an ethylene heat exchanger configured to refrigerate the dehydrated ethane feed stream;
passing the dehydrated ethane feed stream through the second refrigeration circuit;
passing a mixed refrigerant through a third refrigeration circuit including a mixed refrigerant heat exchanger configured to refrigerate the dehydrated ethane feed stream;
passing the dehydrated ethane feed stream through the third refrigeration circuit; and
demethanizing a portion of the refrigerated dehydrated ethane feed stream,
wherein one of the at least one propylene heat exchangers is configured as two double core and kettle heat exchangers immersed in a liquid bath,
wherein the mixed refrigerant stream from the third refrigeration circuit passes through a first of the two double core and kettle heat exchangers,
wherein the dehydrated ethane feed stream from the first refrigeration circuit passes through a first core of a second of the two double core and kettle heat exchangers, and the dehydrated ethane feed stream from the second refrigeration circuit passes through a second core of the second of the double core and kettle heat exchangers, and
wherein a vapor boiling from the liquid bath is drawn through a first stage suction side of at least one of the at least one propylene compressor.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ethane feed stream is provided to a first bed, of the plurality of inter-connected molecular sieve beds, while a second bed, of the plurality of inter-connected molecular sieve beds, is heated via a regeneration gas to regenerate a desiccant within the second bed, and while a third bed, of the plurality of inter-connected molecular sieve beds, is cooled following a previous rotation sequence of an ethane feed stream through the dehydration unit.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixed refrigerant includes methane and ethane.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the mixed refrigerant comprises 75% ethane and 25% methane.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of passing the ethylene refrigerant through the first refrigeration circuit prior to passing the ethylene refrigerant through the second refrigeration circuit.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising passing the mixed refrigerant through the first refrigeration circuit prior to passing the mixed refrigerant through the third refrigeration circuit.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising passing the mixed refrigerant through the second refrigeration circuit after passing the mixed refrigerant through the first refrigeration circuit and before passing the mixed refrigerant through the third refrigeration circuit.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the demethanizing of a portion of the refrigerated ethane feed stream further comprises:
passing the refrigerated ethane feed stream through a separator vessel;
transporting liquefied ethane from the separator vessel to an ethane storage facility; and
passing flash gases from the separator vessel to a demethanizer column.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the demethanizing a portion of the refrigerated ethane feed stream further comprises passing the mixed refrigerant to a condenser in the demethanizer column.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the demethanizing of a portion of the refrigerated ethane feed stream further comprises:
separating liquefied ethane from methane and other gases in a demethanizer column;
and transporting the liquefied ethane from the demethanizer column to an ethane storage facility.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the dehydrating of the ethane feed stream further comprises passing the ethane feed stream through a liquid-liquid separator.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the dehydrating of the ethane feed stream further comprises regenerating the plurality of inter-connected molecular sieve beds by passing the gases produced by the demethanizer column through the plurality of inter-connected molecular sieve beds.
13. A method for liquefying and purifying a high pressure ethane feed stream, the method comprising:
receiving an ethane feed stream from a high pressure pipeline source;
dehydrating the ethane stream by sequentially rotating the ethane feed stream through a plurality of inter-connected molecular sieve beds configured within a dehydration unit at which the ethane feed stream is received; and
refrigerating the dehydrated ethane feed stream to produce a liquefied ethane feed stream by:
passing a propylene refrigerant through a first refrigeration circuit including at least one propylene compressor and at least one propylene heat exchanger configured to refrigerate the dehydrated ethane feed stream;
passing the dehydrated ethane feed stream through the first refrigeration circuit;
passing an ethylene refrigerant through a second refrigeration circuit including an ethylene heat exchanger configured to refrigerate the dehydrated ethane feed stream;
passing the dehydrated ethane feed stream through the second refrigeration circuit;
passing a mixed refrigerant through a third refrigeration circuit including a mixed refrigerant heat exchanger configured to refrigerate the dehydrated ethane feed stream;
passing the dehydrated ethane feed stream through the third refrigeration circuit;
demethanizing a portion of the refrigerated dehydrated ethane feed stream;
transporting the liquefied ethane feed stream to an ethane storage facility;
capturing boil-off gases from the ethane storage facility; and
transporting the boil-off gases to a gas pipeline,
wherein one of the at least one propylene heat exchangers is configured as two double core and kettle heat exchangers immersed in a liquid bath,
wherein the mixed refrigerant stream from the third refrigeration circuit passes through a first of the two double core and kettle heat exchangers,
wherein the dehydrated ethane feed stream from the first refrigeration circuit passes through a first core of a second of the two double core and kettle heat exchangers, and the dehydrated ethane feed stream from the second refrigeration circuit passes through a second core of the second of the double core and kettle heat exchangers, and
wherein a vapor boiling from the liquid bath is drawn through a first stage suction side of at least one of the at least one propylene compressor.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the ethylene refrigerant passes through the first refrigeration circuit before passing through the second refrigeration circuit.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the mixed refrigerant is passed through the first refrigeration circuit and the second refrigeration circuit before passing through the third refrigeration circuit.