Method for detecting earthquakes and locating epicentres by means of a network of lights
Described herein is method for the detection of seismic activity using a network of lights, and in particular, street lights ( 43 ) arranged over a number of streets ( 42 ). Each light includes a control module having the facility for both long- and short-distance communication, the control modules being grouped with other control modules and associated with a group controller to create a short-distance or mesh network. Each control module includes a sensor which is capable of detecting seismic activity and data relating to such activity may be transmitted to a central server via its group controller using long-distance communication. Even if the sensors are relatively inaccurate, the high number of such sensors present in the network makes it possible to detect and analyze the activity using geocoordinate information provided by the control modules at the server. Information relating to an epicentre of an earthquake can be determined and distributed to control modules in the vicinity of the detected seismic activity ( 50 ) to provide warning light signals for the population in that vicinity.
1. A method for detecting earthquakes and locating epicentres, the method including the steps of:
providing a network of lights, each light having a control module associated therewith, each control module comprising:
a long-distance communication module,
a short-distance communication module,
a geocoordinates module,
a controller, each control module being operable for providing a control output for controlling a driver of the light,
providing at least one sensor for detecting at least one of acceleration and seismic activity, in at least some of the control modules,
providing at least one server reachable via the long-distance communication module,
dividing the control modules into one or multiple control module groups based on at least one of: environmental, light and control module information provided by the control modules,
selecting one of the control modules of each group as a group controller,
forming a short-distance network with the group controller and the other control modules within the group, via respective short-distance communication modules,
transmitting sensor information and geocoordinate information from the control modules to the associated group controller via the short-distance communication modules of the control modules,
transmitting, during normal network operation, sensor information and geocoordinate information from the group controller of the groups to the at least one server via the long-distance communication module,
analysing the sensor information and the geocoordinate information transmitted to the at least one server by the group controllers of the groups to extract earthquake epicentre information therefrom using the local distribution of the control modules, and
determining on the server, in case of a failure of the group controller of a group, a new group controller and establishing the connections using the short-distance communication modules with the other control modules not defined as group controllers via the new group controller.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a time information is included in at least one of the sensor information and the geocoordinates information.
3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of analysing, on the server, the sensor information provided by the control module sensors and geocoordinates information to identify the presence of seismic waves.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the short-distance network comprises a mesh network.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the short-distance communication module uses at least one of: ZigBee and 6 LoWPAN.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the long-distance communication module uses at least one of: GSM, GPRS, Iridium, a cellular network and an Ethernet connection.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the geocoordinates module uses at least one of: GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou and a satellite based positioning system.
8. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of transmitting a server signal for controlling the lights from the server to at least one of: the group controllers and the control modules.
9. The method according to claim 8 , further comprising the step of creating a light pattern with at least one of: temporarily propagating intensity and spatially propagating intensity on the basis of the server signal.
10. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:
emitting from the server a request for temporarily limited registering of adjacent module information,
registering, using the control modules of a group, adjacent control modules and the quality of their connection with these via their short-distance communication module,
transmitting this information to at least one of: the group controller via their short-distance communication module and the server via their long-distance communication module,
checking, on the server, the group division and the group controller allocation, and
updating, on the server, at least one of: the group division and the group controller allocation in accordance with the adjacent module information.
11. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
selecting, on the server, control modules irrespective of the group, for exchanging data relevant to multiple groups.
12. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of transmitting sensor information relevant for multiple groups to a control module of an adjacent group via the long-distance module, by-passing the server.
13. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of
transmitting the sensor-based data relevant for multiple groups directly to the control module of an adjacent group, via the short-distance network and by-passing the server.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the step of transmitting sensor-based data relevant for multiple groups takes place on a different frequency band than normal operation within a group.
15. The method according to claim 2 , further comprising the step of analysing, on the server, the sensor information provided by the control module sensors and geocoordinates information to identify the presence of seismic waves.
16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the lights are street lights.
17. A network of lights comprising a plurality of control modules, each of which being allocated to one light and comprising:
a short-distance communication module suitable for communication with other control modules,
a long-distance communication module suitable for communication with a server,
a geocoordinates module, and
a control output for controlling a driver of the light,
wherein at least some of the control modules comprising at least one sensor for detecting at least one of: acceleration and seismic waves,
wherein the network of lights comprises at least one server reachable via the long-distance communication module;
wherein the control modules are divided into one or multiple control module groups based on at least one of environmental, light and control module information provided by the control modules;
wherein one of the control modules of each group is selected as a group controller;
wherein the sensor information provided by the control module sensors and geocoordinates information may be analyzed to identify the presence of seismic waves;
wherein the server is suitable for determining in case of a failure of the group controller of a group, a new group controller; and
wherein the new group controller is suitable for establishing the connections using the short-distance communication modules with the other control modules not defined as group controllers.
18. The network of lights according to claim 17 , wherein the sensor is a symmetric, differential-capacitive sensor.
19. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the step of transmitting sensor-based data relevant for multiple groups takes place on a different frequency band than normal operation within a group.