Filtration media, filter packs, and filter elements with protrusions
Pleated filtration media, filtration media packs, and filtration elements containing projections are disclosed. The pleated filtration media includes projections on at least one surface, the projections configured to engage adjacent media sheets so as to reduce masking of the media. The pleated media and media pleat packs contain protrusions on the surface of the media. These protrusions are three dimensional structures that are on the surface of the media and are provided by forming the protrusion directly in the filtration media or applying structures, such as adhesive beads, or onto one or both faces of the media. Elongation of the adhesive bead can facilitate greater separation of the adjacent faces of pleated media if desired. These protrusions, also referred to herein as projections or dimples, can either contact each other or contact flat media and keep adjacent media faces from becoming in intimate contact with each other.
1. A pleated filter element containing a plurality of media pleats, the media pleats comprising:
a) filter media configured for filtration of fluids, the filter media containing a first face and a second face;
b) a plurality of embossed upstream projections of substantially the same height and the same length extending from a first face of the filter media; the upstream projections being substantially evenly spaced from one another along the first face of the filter media, the embossed upstream projections formed by a plastic deformation to the media;
c) a plurality of embossed downstream projections of substantially the same height and the same length extending from a second face of the filter media, the downstream projections being substantially evenly spaced from one another along the first face of the filter media, the embossed downstream projections formed by a plastic deformation to the media;
wherein the upstream projections are spaced from 0.5 inches to 1.5 inches from upstream projection edge to upstream projection edge;
wherein the downstream projections are spaced from 0.06 inches to 1.0 inch from downstream projection edge to downstream projection edge;
wherein the upstream projections are spaced farther apart from one another than the downstream projections are spaced from one another;
wherein the upstream projections have a height of 0.01 inches to 0.1 inches; and the average upstream projection height is at least 50 percent greater than the average downstream projection height; and
wherein the first face and the second face are substantially uniformly spaced from one another.
2. The pleated filter element of claim 1 , wherein the pleat depth is from greater than 0 inches to less than 8 inches.
3. The pleated filter element of claim 1 , wherein there are more downstream projections than upstream projections.
4. The pleated filter element of claim 1 , wherein the projections are substantially round.
5. The pleated filter element of claim 1 , wherein the projections are arranged in a substantially equilateral triangle configuration.
6. The pleated filter element of claim 1 , wherein the filter media has a modulus of elasticity greater than 10,000 pounds per square inch.
7. The pleated filter element of claim 1 , wherein the filter media has a modulus of elasticity less than 75,000 pounds per square inch.
8. A pleated filter element containing a plurality of media pleats, the media pleats comprising:
a) filter media configured for filtration of fluids, the filter media containing a first face and a second face;
b) a plurality of embossed downstream projections of substantially the same height and the same length, the projections extending from at least one face of the filter media and a plurality of embossed upstream projections of substantially the same height and the same length, the projections extending from the opposite face of the filter media, the embossed projections formed by a plastic deformation to the media;
wherein the downstream projections are spaced from 0.06 inches to 1.0 inch from downstream projection edge to downstream projection edge and the downstream projections being substantially evenly spaced from one another along the first face of the filter media;
wherein the downstream projections have a height of.005 inches to 0.050 inches;
wherein the upstream projections are arranged in a substantially triangular configuration, the upstream projections being substantially evenly spaced from one another along the first face of the filter media; and
wherein the pleat concentration is at least 3 pleats per inch;
wherein the upstream projections are spaced farther apart from one another than the downstream projections are spaced from one another;
the average upstream projection height is at least 50 percent greater than the average downstream projection height; and
wherein the first face and the second face are substantially uniformly spaced from one another.
9. The pleated filter element of claim 8 , wherein the upstream projections are spaced from 0.5 inches to 1.5 inches from upstream projection edge to upstream projection edge.
10. The pleated filter element of claim 8 , wherein the upstream projections have a height of 0.01 inches to 0.1 inches.
11. The pleated filter element of claim 8 , wherein the downstream projections are arranged in a substantially equilateral triangular configuration.
12. The pleated filter element of claim 8 , wherein at least a portion of the plurality of downstream projections are bonded to other downstream projections.
13. A pleated filter element containing a plurality of media pleats, the media pleats comprising:
a) filter media configured for filtration of fluids, the filter media containing a first face and a second face;
b) a plurality of embossed substantially circular upstream projections of substantially the same height and the same length, the projections extending from at least one face of the filter media, the upstream projections being substantially evenly spaced from one another along the first face of the filter media, the embossed upstream projections formed by a plastic deformation to the media;
c) a plurality of embossed substantially circular downstream projections of substantially the same height and the same length, the projections extending from at least one face of the filter media, the downstream projections being substantially evenly spaced from one another along the first face of the filter media, the embossed downstream projections formed by a plastic deformation to the media;
wherein the downstream projections have a radius from 0.02 inches to 0.125 inches;
wherein the downstream projections have a height of.005 inches to 0.050 inches;
wherein the downstream projections are spaced from 0.06 inches to 1.0 inch from downstream projection edge to downstream projection edge;
wherein the upstream projections are spaced farther apart from one another than the downstream projections are spaced from one another;
the average upstream projection height is at least 50 percent greater than the average downstream projection height; and
wherein the first face and the second face are substantially uniformly spaced from one another.
14. The pleated filter element of claim 13 , wherein the upstream projections have a radius from 0.03 inches to 0.25 inches.
15. The pleated filter element of claim 13 , wherein the upstream projections are spaced from 0.5 inches to 1.5 inches from upstream projection edge to upstream projection edge.
16. The pleated filter element of claim 13 , wherein the downstream projections are arranged in a substantially equilateral triangular configuration.
17. The pleated filter element of claim 13 , wherein the filter media has a modulus of elasticity greater than 30,000 pounds per square inch and less than 150,000 pound per square inch.