Determining characteristics of a fluid in a wellbore
An assembly for use in a wellbore can include a plurality of sensors positioned external to a casing string. The plurality of sensors can be positioned for detecting an amount of a hydrocarbon that is present in a fluid in the wellbore and a pH of the fluid in the wellbore. The plurality of sensors can be positioned for wirelessly transmitting signals representing the amount of the hydrocarbon that is present in the fluid and the pH of the fluid to a receiving device.
1. A system for use in a wellbore, the system comprising:
a plurality of sensors positioned external to a casing string for detecting an amount of a hydrocarbon that is present in a fluid in the wellbore and a pH of the fluid in the wellbore, and for wirelessly transmitting signals representing the amount of the hydrocarbon that is present in the fluid and the pH of the fluid to a receiving device,
wherein at least one sensor of the plurality of sensors includes a pH sensor, a computing device, and a transceiver; and
wherein the pH sensor is configured to supply voltage to a power port of the computing device or the transceiver to power the computing device or the transceiver.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensors comprises a hydrocarbon sensor that includes two conductive electrodes positioned in parallel and with a gap between the two conductive electrodes, wherein the gap forms a fluid communication path for the fluid to flow.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the hydrocarbon sensor comprises:
a processing device; and
a memory device in which instructions executable by the processing device are stored for causing the processing device to:
transmit a power signal with a frequency that is within a microwave range of frequencies to the two conductive electrodes;
detect an electrical characteristic associated with the two conductive electrodes; and
determine a type of the fluid based on the electrical characteristic.
4. The system of claim 2 , wherein hydrocarbon sensor includes an inductor that is electrically coupled in series to a capacitor to form an inductor-capacitor (LC) circuit, the LC circuit being tuned to resonate when the fluid in the fluid communication path is a particular type of hydrocarbon.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the pH sensor includes two different conductive materials each coupled to a voltage-comparing device to compare a voltage generated across the two different conductive materials to a reference voltage to determine the pH of the fluid.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the pH sensor includes a comparator, the comparator being configured to compare a voltage generated by the pH sensor to a reference voltage to produce an output voltage, the output voltage being the voltage provided to the power port to power the computing device or transceiver.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensors comprises an inclinometer to detect an inclination of the casing string and to wirelessly transmit another signal representing the amount of the inclination to the receiving device.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the pH sensor is a first pH sensor,
the at least one sensor includes a second pH sensor, and
the computing device is configured to:
receive a first sensor signal from the first pH sensor and a second sensor signal from the second pH sensor;
determine that a first pH level represented by the first sensor signal is substantially similar to a second pH level represented by the second sensor signal; and
in response to determining that the first PH level is substantially similar to the second pH level, determining that the first pH level is accurate.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the pH sensor is configured to power the computing device or the transceiver as an alternative to a power source.
10. A system comprising:
a plurality of sensors positionable on an outer housing of a casing string for detecting an amount of a hydrocarbon fluid in a wellbore and an inclination of the casing string, and for wirelessly transmit signals representing the amount of the hydrocarbon fluid and the inclination to a receiving device;
wherein at least one sensor of the plurality of sensors includes a pH sensor, a computing device, and a transceiver; and
wherein the pH sensor is configured to supply voltage to a power port of the computing device or the transceiver to power the computing device or the transceiver.
11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of sensors comprises a hydrocarbon sensor that includes two conductive electrodes positioned in parallel and with a gap between the two conductive electrodes, wherein the gap forms a fluid communication path for a fluid to flow.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the hydrocarbon sensor comprises:
a processing device; and
a memory device in which instructions executable by the processing device are stored for causing the processing device to:
transmit a power signal with a frequency that is within a microwave range of frequencies to the two conductive electrodes;
detect an electrical characteristic associated with the two conductive electrodes; and
determine a type of the fluid based on the electrical characteristic.
13. The system of claim 10 , wherein the at least one sensor includes two different conductive materials each coupled to a voltage-comparing device to compare a voltage generated across the two different conductive materials to a reference voltage to determine a pH of a fluid.
14. The system of claim 10 , wherein the at least one sensor includes an ionic sensor coupled to a voltage-comparing device to compare a voltage generated by the ionic sensor to a reference voltage to determine a pH of a fluid.
15. The system of claim 10 , wherein each of the plurality of sensors comprises a hydrocarbon sensor and an inclinometer.
16. The system of claim 10 , wherein each of the plurality of sensors comprises a pH sensor, an inclinometer, and a hydrocarbon sensor.
17. The system of claim 10 , wherein the receiving device is positionable in a well tool.