Interleukin 15 protein complex
An interleukin 15 (IL-15) protein complex is provided. The IL-15 protein complex includes soluble fusion proteins (I) and (II), wherein the fusion protein (I) is an IL-15 polypeptide or a functional fragment thereof, and the soluble fusion protein (II) is an IL-15Rα polypeptide or a functional fragment thereof. The soluble fusion protein (I) has at least one amino acid residue mutated to a cysteine (Cys) residue, which pairs with a corresponding mutated Cys residue on the soluble fusion protein (II), or vice versa, to form one or more disulfide bonds. The IL-15 protein complex can be used for tumor therapy.
1. An IL-15 protein complex comprising a soluble fusion protein (I) and a soluble fusion protein (II), wherein:
the soluble fusion protein (I) comprises an IL-15 polypeptide; and the soluble fusion protein (II) comprises an IL-15Rα polypeptide;
wherein the soluble fusion protein (I) comprises an amino acid Cys substitution at a position corresponding to residue Q48, V49, L52 or E53 of the IL-15 polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and the soluble fusion protein (II) comprises an amino acid Cys substitution at a position corresponding to residue G38, S40 or L42 of the IL-15Rα polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4, and a disulfide bond is formed by Cys residues of the soluble fusion protein (II) and the soluble fusion protein (I).
2. The IL-15 protein complex according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the soluble fusion protein (I) and soluble fusion protein (II) is covalently linked to an Fc fragment.
3. The IL-15 protein complex according to claim 1 , wherein the sequence of the soluble fusion protein (I) comprises SEQ ID NO: 2.
4. The IL-15 protein complex according to claim 1 , wherein the soluble fusion protein (II) is obtained by recombination of the IL-15Rα polypeptide and an Fc fragment.
5. The IL-15 protein complex according to claim 1 , wherein the sequence of the soluble fusion protein (II) comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7 and SEQ ID NO: 8.
6. The IL-15 protein complex according to claim 1 , being selected from the following combinations of a soluble fusion protein (I) and a soluble fusion protein (II):
No.
soluble fusion protein (I)
soluble fusion protein (II)
1
IL-15(L52C)(SEQ ID NO: 2)
IL-15Rα-ECD(S40C)-Fc (SEQ ID NO: 5)
2
IL-15(L52C)(SEQ ID NO: 2)
Fc-IL-15Rα-ECD(S40C)(SEQ ID NO: 6)
3
IL-15(L52C)(SEQ ID NO: 2)
IL-15Rα-sushi + (S40C)-Fc(SEQ ID NO: 7)
4
IL-15(L52C)(SEQ ID NO: 2)
Fc-IL-15Rα-sushi + (S40C)(SEQ ID NO: 8).
7. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the IL-15 protein complex according to claim 1 , and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, diluent or carrier.
8. The IL-15 protein complex according to claim 1 , wherein the soluble fusion protein (I) comprises an amino acid Cys substitution at the position corresponding to residue L52 or E53 of the IL-15 polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; and the soluble fusion protein (II) comprises an amino acid Cys substitution at the position corresponding to residue A37, G38 or S40 of the IL-15Rα polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 or SEQ ID NO: 4.
9. The IL-15 protein complex according to claim 1 , wherein the soluble fusion protein (I) comprises an amino acid Cys substitution at the position corresponding to residue L52 of the IL-15 polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; and wherein the soluble fusion protein (II) comprises an amino acid Cys substitution at the position corresponding to residue S40 of the IL-15Rα polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 or SEQ ID NO: 4.
10. The IL-15 protein complex according to claim 4 , wherein the IL-15Rα polypeptide is attached to the N-terminus of the Fc fragment and wherein the Fc fragment comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9.