Two-dimensional capacitive sensor for locating the presence of an object and/or of an individual

1. A capacitive sensor for detecting, locating a presence, evaluating a floor surface and/or tracking an activity of an individual and/or an object,

said sensor comprising:

a first layer comprising at least one first electrode extending in a first direction; and

a second layer having at least one second electrode extending in a second direction;

wherein the first direction is different from the second direction, and

wherein the first layer is electrically insulated from the second layer,

the capacitive sensor further comprising:

an electronic driving module configured:

to independently apply respective voltages on each of the first and second electrodes including at least one zero voltage on at least one of the first and second electrodes, and

to measure electrical charges accumulated on each of the first and second electrodes,

an information processing module configured for analyzing a spatial distribution of variations of the measured electrical charges for each one of the first and second electrodes by determining:

information dependent on a coupling to ground of said one of the first and second electrodes if the voltage applied to said one of the first and second electrodes is not zero; or

information independent of the coupling to ground if the voltage applied to said one of the first and second electrodes is zero and the voltage applied to at least one other electrode of the first and second electrodes is not zero;

in order to detect, locate the presence, evaluate the floor surface and/or track the activity of an individual and/or an object.

2. The sensor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first and second directions are substantially perpendicular to each other.

3. The sensor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first and second layers extend in planes substantially parallel to each other.

4. The sensor as claimed in claim 1 , comprising a display module comprising a control screen and coupled to the information processing module for generating an image on the control screen representative of the spatial position of the object and/or individual based on the spatial distribution of the measured charges for each of said electrodes.

5. The sensor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each electrode of the first and second layers is electrically insulated by a respective protective sleeve made at least partially of a polymer.

6. The sensor as claimed in claim 5 , wherein each protective sleeve is held by a support having a perforated or airy structure.

7. The sensor as claimed in claim 6 , wherein each support has at least one self-adhesive surface.

8. The sensor as claimed in claim 6 , wherein each support comprises a centimeter mesh net made up at least partially of a material selected among fiberglass, polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene and polyamide.

9. The sensor as claimed in claim 8 , wherein each electrode of the first and second layers is electrically insulated by a respective protective sleeve, and wherein, for each layer, the mesh net and the electrodes are assembled together by weaving of a warp yarn and weft yarn type, where said warp yarn and weft yarn are formed respectively by the sleeves of each electrode and the mesh net.

10. A floor structure for locating an object and/or an individual comprising a capacitive sensor, wherein the capacitive sensor comprises:

a first layer comprising at least one first electrode extending in a first direction; and

a second layer having at least one second electrode extending in a second direction;

wherein the first direction is different from the second direction, and

wherein the first layer is electrically insulated from the second layer,

the capacitive sensor further comprising:

an electronic driving module configured:

to independently apply respective voltages on each of the first and second electrodes including at least one zero voltage on at least one of the first and second electrodes, and

to measure electrical charges accumulated on each of the first and second electrodes,

an information processing module configured for analyzing a spatial distribution of variations of the measured electrical charges for each one of the first and second electrodes by determining:

information dependent on a coupling to ground of said one of the first and second electrodes if the voltage applied to said one of the first and second electrodes is not zero; or

information independent of the coupling to ground if the voltage applied to said one of the first and second electrodes is zero and the voltage applied to at least one other electrode of the first and second electrodes is not zero;

in order to detect, locate the presence, evaluate the floor surface and/or track the activity of an individual and/or an object.

11. The floor structure as claimed in claim 10 , further comprising a bed layer and a smoothing compound layer, wherein the capacitive sensor is attached by adhesive on at least a portion of the upper surface of the bed layer.

12. The floor structure as claimed in claim 10 , further comprising a bed layer and a smoothing compound layer, wherein the capacitive sensor is integrated in the smoothing compound layer by pouring the smoothing compound layer on the bed layer.

13. A method of manufacturing a floor structure, wherein the floor structure comprises a capacitive sensor for locating an object and/or an individual,

the method of manufacturing comprising: positioning a first layer comprising at least one first electrode of the capacitive sensor such that said first electrode extends in a first fixed direction; and

positioning a second layer (C2) comprising at least one second electrode of the capacitive sensor such that said second layer is electrically insulated from the first layer and said at least one second electrode extends in a second direction different from the first direction;

providing the capacitive sensor with an electronic driving module configured:

to independently apply respective voltages on each of the first and second electrodes including at least one zero voltage on at least one of the first and second electrodes; and

to measure electrical charges accumulated on each of the first and second electrodes,

providing the capacitive sensor with an information processing module configured for analyzing a spatial distribution of variations of the measured electrical charges for each one of the first and second electrodes by determining:

information dependent on a coupling to ground of said one of the first and second electrodes if the voltage applied to said one of the first and second electrodes is not zero; or

information independent of the coupling to ground if the voltage applied to said one of the first and second electrodes is zero and the voltage applied to at least one other electrode of the first and second electrodes is not zero,

in order to detect, locate the presence, evaluate the floor surface and/or track the activity of an individual and/or an object.

14. The method as claimed in claim 13 , wherein, positioning the second layer comprises positioning the second layer such that the second direction is substantially perpendicular to the first direction.