Anti-pulmonary tuberculosis nitroimidazole derivative

1. A compound having a structure of formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or an optical isomer thereof,

wherein,

ring A is a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl;

X is N, C(R) or C;

R is H, a halogen, OH, CN, NO 2 , or selected from the group consisting of an amino, a C 1-6 alkylamino, a N,N-di(C 1-6 alkyl)amino, a C 1-6 alkyl, a C 1-6 heteroalkyl, a C 2-6 alkenyl, a C 2-6 alkynyl, a C 3-7 cycloalkyl, a C 3-7 heterocycloalkyl, a 5- to 7-membered aryl, and a 5- to 7-membered heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted by any substituent;

each of V and W is independently selected from the group consisting of a methylene, —CH 2 CH 2 —, C(═O), —S(═O)— and —S(═O) 2 —, wherein, the methylene and the —CH 2 CH 2 — are optionally substituted by 1 or 2 R(s);

Z is a methylene which is optionally substituted by 1 or 2 R(s);

L is a single bond, —O—, —S—, N(R), C(R)(R), —C(═O)—, —C(═S)—, —S(═O)—, or —S(═O) 2 − ;

each of R 1 and R 2 is independently selected from H, a halogen, OH, CN, NO 2 , or each of R 1 and R 2 is independently selected from the group consisting of an amino, a C 1-6 alkyl, a C 1-6 heteroalkyl, a C 2-6 alkenyl, a C 2-6 alkynyl, a C 3-7 cycloalkyl, a C 3-7 cycloalkyl-C 1-6 alkyl, a C 3-7 heterocycloalkyl, a 5- to 7-membered aryl or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted by any substituent independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH, ON, NH 2 , a C 1-4 alkyl and a C 1-4 heteroalkyl, wherein the C 1-4 alkyl and the C 1-4 heteroalkyl are optionally further substituted by 0 to 3 substituents selected from a halogen, OH, and NH 2 ;

optionally, the substituent R on Z and the substituent R on V are attached to the same atom or atomic group to form a 5- to 7-membered ring;

optionally, the moiety

may be replaced with

R 2 may also be absent;

m is 1, 2 or 3;

n is 0, 1, 2 or 3;

the “hetero” represents a heteroatom or a hetero-atomic group, which is selected from the group consisting of —C(═O)NH—, —NH—, —C(═NH)—, —S(═O) 2 NH—, —S(═O)NH—, —O—, —S—, N, ═O, ═S, —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)—, —C(═S)—, —S(═O)—, —S(═O) 2 —, and —NHC(═O)NH—;

the number of the heteroatom or the hetero-atomic group is independently selected from 0, 1, 2 or 3.

2. The compound, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or the optical isomer thereof according to claim 1 , wherein, the R is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH, CN, NH 2 , a C 1-4 alkyl and a C 1-4 heteroalkyl, wherein the C 1-4 alkyl or the C 1-4 heteroalkyl are optionally further substituted by 0 to 3 substituents selected from a halogen, OH, and NH 2 ;

or, each of the substituents is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, CN, —CF 3 , —OCF 3 , —CH 2 CF 3 , OCH 3 , and (CH 3 ) 3 COC(═O)—.

3. The compound, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or the optical isomer thereof according to claim 1 , wherein, each of R 1 and R 2 is independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, or selected from the group consisting of

each of which is optionally substituted by any substituent independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH, CN, NH 2 , a C 1-4 alkyl and a C 1-4 heteroalkyl, wherein the C 1-4 alkyl or the C 1-4 heteroalkyl are optionally further substituted by 0 to 3 substituents selected from a halogen, OH and NH 2 ;

or, each of R 1 and R 2 is independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, or selected from the group consisting of

each of which is optionally substituted, by any substituent independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH, CN, NH 2 , a C 1-4 alkyl and a C 1-4 heteroalkyl, wherein the C 1-4 alkyl or the C 1-4 heteroalkyl are optionally further substituted by 0 to 3 substituents selected from a halogen, OH and NH 2 ;

or, each of R 1 and R 2 is independently selected from the group consisting of

4. The compound, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or the optical isomer thereof according to claim 1 , wherein, the R is selected from the group consisting of H, Cl, Br, I, OH, CN, NH 2 , Me and Et.

5. The compound, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or the optical isomer thereof according to claim 1 , wherein, the ring A is selected from the group consisting of a pyridyl, a thiazolyl, an oxazolyl, an imidazolyl and a pyrimidinyl;

or, the ring A is selected from the group consisting of

or, the moiety

is selected from the group consisting of

6. The compound, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or the optical isomer thereof according to claim 1 , wherein, the moiety

is selected from the group consisting of

7. The compound, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or the optical isomer thereof according to claim 1 , wherein, the moiety

is selected from the group consisting of

8. The compound, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or the optical isomer thereof according to claim 1 , which is selected from the group consisting of

9. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of the compound of formula (I), the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the optical isomer thereof according to claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

10. A method for treating or preventing Mycobacterium tuberculosis or other microbial infections in a subject in need thereof, comprising: administrating the compound of formula (I), the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the optical isomer thereof according to claim 1 to the subject.

11. A method for treating or preventing Mycobacterium tuberculosis or other microbial infections in a subject in need thereof, comprising: administrating the composition according to claim 9 to the subject.