Immobilized cell and preparation method thereof

1. A method of immobilizing cells containing lysine decarboxylase, consisting of the steps of:

a) dissolving polyvinyl alcohol, or a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate, or a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol, in an aqueous solution sufficiently;

b) adding cells to be immobilized containing lysine decarboxylase into the resulting solution and immobilizing said cells, and

c) treating the solution with an epichlorohydrin aqueous solution after gelation of the solution thereby immobilizing said cells containing lysine decarboxylase,

wherein polyvinyl alcohol is added in an amount of 1 to 13 wt %, sodium alginate is added in an amount of 0.1 to 3 wt %, and the polyethylene glycol is added in an amount of 0.1 to 5 wt %, wherein the epichlorohydrin presents in a form of an aqueous solution at a concentration of 1 to 5.5 wt %, and wherein the immobilization is carried out under conditions that do not destroy the viability of said cells containing lysine decarboxylase.

2. The method of immobilizing cells containing lysine decarboxylase according to claim 1 , wherein the immobilization in step b) is carried out by physical immobilization or chemical immobilization.

3. The method of immobilizing cells containing lysine decarboxylase according to claim 1 , wherein the cells containing lysine decarboxylase are derived from a plant, a microorganism, an insect or an animal.

4. The method of immobilizing cells containing lysine decarboxylase according to claim 3 , wherein the microorganism is selected from the group consisting of Bacillus halodurans, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Streptomyces coelicolor, Streptomyces pilosus, Eikenella corrodens, Eubacterium acidaminophilum, Salmonella typhimurium, Hafnia alvei, Thermoplasma acidophilum, Pyrococcus abyssi and Corynebacterium glutamicum.

5. An immobilized cell containing lysine decarboxylase obtained by the method of immobilizing cells containing lysine decarboxylase according to claim 1 .

6. A method of preparing 1,5-pentanediamine comprising steps of contacting the immobilized cell containing lysine decarboxylase according to claim 5 with a liquid containing lysine and obtaining 1,5-pentanediamine.

7. The method of preparing 1,5-pentanediamine according to claim 6 , wherein the liquid containing lysine is a lysine fermentation broth, a concentrated or diluted solution of a lysine fermentation broth, a degerming lysine fermentation broth after removing bacteria from the lysine fermentation broth and a concentrated or diluted solution of the degerming lysine fermentation broth, and a formulated lysine solution.

8. The method of preparing 1,5-pentanediamine according to claim 7 , wherein the lysine fermentation broth is obtained by microbial fermentation.

9. The method of preparing 1,5-pentanediamine according to claim 8 , wherein the microorganism for preparing the lysine fermentation broth is selected from the group consisting of Corynebacterium and Escherichia.

10. The method of preparing 1,5-pentanediamine according to claim 8 , wherein the carbon source for preparing the lysine fermentation broth is a fermentable saccharide.

11. The method of preparing 1,5-pentanediamine according to claim 6 , wherein the liquid containing lysine further comprises a sulfate ion at a concentration equal to or above 0.005 mol/kg.

12. The method of preparing 1,5-pentanediamine according to claim 6 , wherein the liquid containing lysine further comprises a sugar and a free NH 4 + ion, with a total sugar content equal to or above 300 ppm and a free NH 4 + content equal to or above 0.028 mol/kg.

13. The method of preparing 1,5-pentanediamine according to claim 6 , wherein the liquid containing lysine is further supplemented with one or more coenzymes selected from the group consisting of pyridoxal, pyridoxal phosphate, pyridoxine and pyridoxamine, the amount of the coenzymes supplemented is from 0.01 to 0.3 mmol/kg based on the weight of the reaction system.

14. The method of preparing 1,5-pentanediamine according to claim 6 , wherein the liquid containing lysine contacted with the immobilized cell containing lysine decarboxylase has a pH value of 4.0 to 9.0.

15. The method of preparing 1,5-pentanediamine according to claim 6 , wherein the immobilized cell containing lysine decarboxylase is contacted with the liquid containing lysine at a temperature of 25 to 55° C., more preferably 28° C. to 40° C.

16. The method of preparing 1,5-pentanediamine according to claim 6 , wherein the lysine content in the liquid containing lysine is from 1% to 50% (w/w).