Power ramping a turbine from a low-power mode
Embodiments herein describe varying the rotor speed based on the current wind speed when operating in a low power mode. Generally, as the wind speed increases above the rated wind speed (i.e., the wind speed at which the turbine is capable of producing its rated or maximum output power), the rotor speed can be reduced thereby minimizing the risk that the turbine experiences smearing or torque reversals. In one embodiment, as the rotor speed decreases, the turbine maintains the ability to ramp to the rated power of the turbine only by pitching in the blades to an optimal blade pitch angle. Thus, upon receiving a request to cease operating in the low power mode, the turbine can increase the output power to the rated power without first increasing the rotor speed.
1. A method of operating a wind turbine, the method comprising:
operating, using one or more processors, the wind turbine in a low power mode that de-rates an output power of the wind turbine;
while operating in the low power mode, controlling a rotor speed of a rotor of the wind turbine to vary based on changing wind speeds, such that the wind turbine remains capable of increasing the output power to a predefined percentage of an optimal output power only by pitching blades of the rotor and without causing a low-speed shutdown; and
upon receiving a request to cease operating in the low power mode, increasing the output power of the wind turbine by pitching the blades of the rotor without first increasing the rotor speed.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein de-rating the output power of the wind turbine comprises:
decreasing the output power of the wind turbine to be less than an optimal output power for a current wind speed at the wind turbine.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein increasing the output power of the wind turbine comprises:
increasing the output power to the optimal output power for the current wind speed at the wind turbine.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predefined percentage of the optimal output power is less than 100 percent and the rotor speed is less than an aerodynamically optimal rotor speed at a current wind speed at the wind turbine, the method further comprising:
after or while pitching the blades, increasing the rotor speed; and
after or while increasing the rotor speed, increasing the output power to the optimal output power for the current wind speed.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predefined percentage of the optimal output power is 100 percent, wherein pitching the blades ramps the output power to the optimal output power for a current wind speed at the wind turbine.
6. The method as in claim 1 , wherein for a set of wind speeds greater than a rated wind speed of the wind turbine, controlling the rotor speed comprises:
decreasing the rotor speed as the wind speeds in the set of wind speeds increase.
7. A wind turbine, comprising:
a rotor comprising blades; and
a controller configured to:
operate the wind turbine in a low power mode that de-rates an output power of the wind turbine;
while operating in the low power mode, control a rotor speed of the rotor to vary based on changing wind speeds, such that the wind turbine remains capable of increasing the output power to a predefined percentage of an optimal output power only by pitching the blades and without causing a low-speed shutdown; and
after ceasing to operate in the low power mode, increase the output power of the wind turbine by pitching the blades without first increasing the rotor speed.
8. The wind turbine of claim 7 , wherein the controller is configured to de-rate the output power by decreasing the output power of the wind turbine to be less than an optimal output power for a current wind speed at the wind turbine.
9. The wind turbine of claim 8 , wherein the controller is configured to increase the output power of the wind turbine by increasing the output power to the optimal output power for the current wind speed at the wind turbine.
10. The wind turbine of claim 7 , wherein the predefined percentage of the optimal output power is less than 100 percent and the rotor speed is less than an aerodynamically optical rotor speed at a current wind speed at the wind turbine, the controller is configured to:
after or while pitching the blades, increase the rotor speed; and
after or while increasing the rotor speed, increase the output power to the optimal output power for the current wind speed.
11. The wind turbine of claim 7 , wherein the predefined percentage of the optimal output power is 100 percent, wherein pitching the blades ramps the output power to the optimal output power for a current wind speed at the wind turbine.
12. The wind turbine as in claim 7 , wherein for a set of wind speeds greater than a rated wind speed of the wind turbine, the controller is configured to decrease the rotor speed as the wind speeds in the set of wind speeds increase.
13. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer-readable program code which, when executed on a processor, performs an operation comprising:
operating a wind turbine in a low power mode that de-rates an output power of the wind turbine;
while operating in the low power mode, controlling a rotor speed of a rotor of the wind turbine to vary based on changing wind speeds, such that the wind turbine remains capable of increasing the output power to a predefined percentage of an optimal output power only by pitching blades of the rotor and without causing a low-speed shutdown; and
after ceasing to operate in the low power mode, increasing the output power of the wind turbine by pitching the blades without first increasing the rotor speed.
14. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 13 , wherein de-rating the output power of the wind turbine comprises:
changing the output power of the wind turbine to be 15% of an optimal output power or less for a current wind speed at the wind turbine.
15. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 14 , wherein increasing the output power of the wind turbine comprises:
increasing the output power to the optimal output power for the current wind speed at the wind turbine.
16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 13 ,
wherein controlling the rotor speed achieves a fast ramping as defined in a grid code.
17. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 13 , wherein the predefined percentage of the optimal output power is less than 100 percent and the rotor speed is less than an aerodynamically optical rotor speed at a current wind speed at the wind turbine, the operation further comprising:
after or while pitching the blades, increasing the rotor speed; and
after or while increasing the rotor speed, increasing the output power to the optimal output power for the current wind speed.
18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 13 , wherein for a set of wind speeds greater than a rated wind speed of the wind turbine, controlling the rotor speed comprises:
decreasing the rotor speed as the wind speeds in the set of wind speeds increase.