Electrode active coating for a lithium-ion battery and method of production therefore
A method for producing an electrode active coating on a current collector comprising providing isolated lignin and subjecting the isolated lignin to a pre-treatment in order to remove low molecular mass fractions of the lignin. The pre-treated lignin is mixed with an electrode active material, water and a conductive additive material so as obtain a slurry adapted for coating of a current collector. The coating obtained by the method comprises pre-treated lignin as a binder. The coating obtained has good binding properties between the particles of the coating as well as to the current collector. Furthermore, it has excellent electrochemical properties during use in a lithium-ion battery.
1. A method of producing an electrode active coating on a current collector for a lithium-ion battery, the method comprising:
providing isolated lignin with the purpose of acting as a binder and subjecting said isolated lignin to a pre-treatment in order to remove fractions dissolvable in an electrolyte of a lithium-ion battery, said fractions having a molecular mass below 1000 Dalton;
mixing the pre-treated isolated lignin with an electrode active material, water and optionally a conductive additive material so as obtain a slurry;
applying said slurry onto a current collector; and
allowing the slurry to dry onto the current collector so as to obtain the electrode active coating.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the isolated lignin is provided from a process comprising the steps of:
a) precipitating lignin by acidifying black liquor obtained from the alkaline chemical pulping process;
b) dewatering and/or filtrating the obtained lignin to provide a filter cake;
c) re-suspending the lignin;
d) adjusting the pH of the obtained suspension in step c) to a pH lower than 6;
e) dewatering and/or filtrating the acidic suspension from step d) to provide a filter cake; and
f) washing and dewatering the filter cake.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the slurry comprises 5-15% by dry weight of pre-treated isolated lignin, preferably 6-10% by dry weight.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the slurry comprises at least 70% by dry weight of the electrode active material, preferably at least 75% by dry weight of the electrode active material.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the isolated lignin is pre-treated by suspending the isolated lignin in or leaching the isolated lignin with a solvent, preferably a solvent adapted for use in an electrolyte of a lithium-ion battery, followed by filtration and drying.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the solvent comprises diethyl carbonate and/or ethylene carbonate.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive additive material is carbon or carbon-based, preferably selected from the group consisting of graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes, or mixtures thereof.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the electrode active material comprises or is a lithium storage compound.
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the lithium storage compound is selected from the group consisting of LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNi 1-x-y Mn x Co y O 2 , LiNiCoAl 2 , LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 , LiNi 1-x Co x O 2 , or LiMPO 4 , wherein M is selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni.
10. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the lithium storage compound is coated with carbon.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the electrode active material is selected from the group consisting of graphitic carbon, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 spinel, Sn—Co—C alloys, Sn-based materials and Si-based materials.
12. A coating for a current collector for a lithium-ion battery, the coating comprising at least an electrode active material, a binder and optionally a conductive additive material, wherein the binder constitutes isolated lignin that has been pre-treated with the purpose of removing fractions soluble in an electrolyte of the lithium-ion battery, said fractions having a molecular mass below 1000 Dalton.
13. The coating according to claim 12 , comprising 5-15% by weight of pre-treated isolated lignin, preferably 6-10% by weight of pre-treated isolated lignin.
14. The coating according to claim 12 , comprising at least 70% by weight of the electrode active material, preferably at least 75% by weight of the electrode active material.
15. The coating according to claim 12 , wherein the lignin has been pre-treated by suspending the isolated lignin in a solvent or leaching the isolated lignin with a solvent, followed by filtration and drying of the isolated lignin.
16. The coating according to claim 12 , wherein the conductive additive material is carbon or carbon-based, preferably selected from the group consisting of graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes, or mixtures thereof.
17. The coating according to claim 12 , wherein the electrode active material comprises or is a lithium storage compound.
18. The coating according to claim 17 , wherein the lithium storage compound is selected from the group consisting of LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNi 1-x-y Mn x Co y O 2 , LiNiCoAl 2 , LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 , LiNi 1-x Co x O 2 , or LiMPO 4 , wherein M is selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni.
19. The coating according to claim 17 , wherein the lithium storage compound is coated with carbon.
20. The coating according to claim 12 , wherein the electrode active material is selected from the group consisting of graphitic carbon, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 spinel, Sn—Co—C alloys, Sn-based materials and Si-based materials.
21. An electrode for a lithium-ion battery comprising a current collector provided with the coating according to claim 12 .
22. An lithium-ion battery comprising an electrode according to claim 21 .