Methods for hydraulic enhancement of crops
Disclosed herein are compounds, salts, solvates of Formula (1), and any formulation thereof. Also disclosed are methods of eliciting hydraulic enhancement and/or increasing yield of a plant by contacting a plant with compounds, salts, solvates of Formula (1), or any formulation thereof.
1. A method for treating a cultivated plant, comprising contacting the cultivated plant, a seed thereof, or a surrounding soil thereof with a compound of Formula (I):
or a salt thereof or a solvate thereof,
wherein:
each E is independently O, S, or —NR 7 ;
R 1 , R 4 , and each R 7 are each independently H, amino, halo, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl;
R 2 and R 3 are each independently H, amino, halo, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl; or R 2 and R 3 together form a bond, or form a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, and
wherein R 6 has a structure of:
wherein
indicates a single bond.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound has a structure of:
or a salt thereof or a solvate thereof.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein R 1 and R 4 are each independently H or alkyl.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein E is O or —NR 7 .
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the compound has a structure of:
or a salt thereof or a solvate thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein R 7 is each independently H or alkyl.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein R 6 has a structure of:
or a salt thereof or a solvate thereof.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the compound has a structure of:
or a salt thereof or a solvate thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein a yield of the cultivated plant is increased as compared to a substantially identical but otherwise an untreated cultivated plant.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the yield of the cultivated plant is increased by at least about 10% as compared to the substantially identical but otherwise an untreated cultivated plant.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cultivated plant comprises a corn.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the yield of the cultivated plant is measured by an average kernel mass (w/w), an average ear volume (v/v), an average relative hydration of silks (w/w), an average mass of silks (w/w), or any combination thereof.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting increases a transpiration of the cultivated plant as compared to a substantially identical but otherwise an untreated cultivated plant.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the transpiration is measured as peak stomatal conductance.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the transpiration of the cultivated plant is increased by at least about 10% as compared to the substantially identical but otherwise an untreated cultivated plant.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the transpiration is measured as a canopy temperature.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the canopy temperature of the cultivated plant is decreased by at least about 0.1° C. as compared to the substantially identical but otherwise an untreated cultivated plant.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein the transpiration is measured as a transpired water volume.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the transpired water volume of the cultivated plant is increased by at least about 0.1 mL as compared to a substantially identical but otherwise an untreated cultivated plant.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting decreases a permanent wilting point of the cultivated plant as compared to a substantially identical but otherwise an untreated cultivated plant.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the permanent wilting point of the cultivated plant is measured as volumetric water content of soil (m 3 /m 3 ).
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the permanent wilting point of the cultivated plant is decreased by at least about 0.005 m 3 /m 3 as compared to the substantially identical but otherwise an untreated cultivated plant.
23. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cultivated plant is soybean, corn, rice, tomato, alfalfa, wheat, green algae or any combination thereof.
24. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting comprises applying the compound, salt, or solvate as a spray.
25. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting comprises applying the compound, salt, or solvate to a flower, leaf, or root of the cultivated plant.
26. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting comprises applying an insecticide, a fungicide, or an herbicide with the compound, salt, or solvate.
27. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound has a structure of:
or a salt thereof or a solvate thereof.
28. The method of claim 1 , wherein R 6 has a structure of:
29. The method of claim 1 , wherein R 6 has a structure of:
30. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound has a structure of:
or a salt thereof or a solvate thereof.
31. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound of has a structure of:
or a salt thereof or a solvate thereof.