Method of inactivating microbes by citraconic anhydride
The present invention provides inactivated microbes, methods of preparing and using the same, as well as compositions and kits containing the same. The inactivated microbes are useful in the formulation of internal control reagents for use in recombinant nucleic acid techniques, especially nucleic acid amplification, e.g., by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
1. A method for preparing a sample preparation mixture comprising exogenous inactivation of an infectious microbe, wherein the infectious microbe is in a formulation of an internal control reagent, the method comprising:
exogenously contacting the infectious microbe containing an internal control nucleic acid sequence with an effective amount of citraconic anhydride, thereby inactivating the microbe while preserving the integrity of the internal control nucleic acid sequence, and
contacting the infectious microbe with a sample preparation reagent, and
wherein prior to contacting the infectious microbe with the effective amount of citraconic anhydride, the infectious microbe comprises a proteinaceous outer surface comprising at least one primary amine group, wherein the infectious microbe is a bacteriophage, wherein the internal control reagent is a full process internal control reagent, and wherein the sample preparation reagent is selected from the group consisting of a protease, a solid support material, and a lysis buffer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inactivated microbe comprises a proteinaceous outer surface comprising at least one primary amine group modified to an amide linkage and a terminal carboxylate.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2 , wherein the effective amount of citraconic anhydride is at a concentration between about 5 mM and about 25 mM.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the effective amount of citraconic anhydride is at a concentration selected from the group consisting of about 5.5 mM, about 11 mM, and about 22 mM.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting is performed at ambient temperature and/or the contacting is performed for about 1 hour.