Methods of making and using guide RNA for use with Cas9 systems
CRISPR/Cas Systems are provided where guide RNAs include one or more selected RNA sequences for delivery to a target nucleic acid sequence.
1. A method of delivering a selected RNA sequence to a target nucleic acid in a cell comprising
providing to the cell a Cas9 protein wherein the Cas9 protein is provided to the cell by introducing into the cell a first foreign nucleic acid encoding the Cas9 protein and
providing to the cell a guide RNA wherein the guide RNA is provided to the cell by introducing into the cell a second foreign nucleic acid encoding the guide RNA and a Pol II promoter sequence and a Pol II terminator sequence, wherein the Pol II promoter sequence is CMVPro or U1Pro and the Pol II terminator sequence is U1 3′Box, MASC or U2 smBox/U1 3′Box, wherein the guide RNA includes a spacer sequence and a tracr mate sequence forming a crRNA and a tracr sequence and has a selected RNA domain attached to the guide RNA,
wherein the guide RNA and the Cas9 protein are expressed, and
wherein the guide RNA and the Cas9 protein form a co-localization complex with the target nucleic acid to deliver the selected RNA sequence to the target nucleic acid.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the guide RNA includes a selected RNA sequence attached to the 3′ end of the tracr sequence.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the guide RNA includes a selected RNA sequence attached to the 3′ end of the tracr sequence and wherein the tracr sequence and the crRNA sequence may be separate or connected by the linker.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the guide RNA includes a selected RNA sequence attached to the 5′ end of the spacer sequence.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the guide RNA includes a selected RNA sequence attached to the 5′ end of the spacer sequence and wherein the tracr sequence and the crRNA sequence may be separate or connected by the linker.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the crRNA and the tracr sequence of the guide RNA are separate sequences, and wherein the selected RNA sequence is attached to the 5′ end of the tracr sequence or the 3′ end of the crRNA sequence.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the crRNA and the tracr sequence are connected by a linker sequence and the linker sequence includes the selected RNA sequence.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the Cas9 protein is an enzymatically active Cas9 protein, a Cas9 protein nickase or a nuclease null or nuclease deficient Cas9 protein.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the cell is in vitro, in vivo or ex vivo.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the cell is a eukaryotic cell or prokaryotic cell.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the cell is a bacteria cell, a yeast cell, a fungal cell, a mammalian cell, a plant cell or an animal cell.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the selected RNA sequence is between about 10 and about 10,000 nucleotides; between about 20 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 30 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 40 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 50 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 60 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 70 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 80 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 90 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 100 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 110 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 120 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 130 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 140 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 150 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 175 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 200 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 250 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 300 and about 5,000 nucleotides; between about 400 and about 5,000 nucleotides; or between about 500 and about 5,000 nucleotides.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the target nucleic acid is genomic DNA, mitochondrial DNA, plastid DNA, viral DNA, or exogenous DNA.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the selected RNA sequence is an aptamer, a noncoding RNA, a ribozyme, a functional RNA sequence, a pool of random RNA sequences, an RNA scaffold, an RNA-based sensor or signal processor, an RNA-based signaling device, a naturally occurring long noncoding (lnc) RNA or a lnc subdomain, or a synthetic lncRNA, or synthetic lncRNA subdomain.