Using liquid to air membrane energy exchanger for liquid cooling
Systems and methods for controlling conditions in an enclosed space, such as a data center, or for providing cooling to a device, can include using a Liquid-to-Air Membrane Energy Exchanger (LAMEE) as an evaporative cooler. The LAMEE or exchanger can cool water to the outdoor air wet bulb temperature in a cooling system disposed outside of the enclosed space or device. The reduced-temperature water can be delivered to the enclosed space or device or can cool a coolant that is delivered to the enclosed space or device. The air in the enclosed space, or one or more components in the enclosed space, can be cooled by delivering the reduced-temperature water or coolant to the enclosed space, rather than moving the supply air from the enclosed space to the cooling system. In an example, the cooling system can include one or more cooling coils, upstream or downstream of the LAMEE.
1. A conditioning system for controlling conditions in an enclosed space, the conditioning system comprising:
a cooling system disposed outside of the enclosed space, the cooling system comprising:
a scavenger air plenum having an air inlet and outlet, the scavenger air plenum configured to direct scavenger air in an air flow path from the air inlet to the air outlet; and
a liquid to air membrane energy exchanger (LAMEE) arranged inside the scavenger air plenum, the LAMEE comprising a cooling fluid flow path separated from the air flow path by a membrane, the LAMEE configured to use the scavenger air to evaporatively cool a cooling fluid in the cooling fluid flow path, a temperature of the cooling fluid at a fluid outlet of the LAMEE is lower than a temperature of the cooling fluid at a fluid inlet of the LAMEE; and
a cooling coil arranged inside the scavenger air plenum downstream of the LAMEE and configured to use the scavenger air to cool the cooling fluid; and
a cooling fluid circuit connected to the cooling fluid flow path of the LAMEE and extending from the scavenger air plenum into the enclosed space, the cooling fluid circuit configured to provide cooling to the enclosed space without moving air from the enclosed space through the cooling system.
2. The conditioning system of claim 1 further comprising a cooling unit arranged inside the scavenger air plenum upstream of the LAMEE, the cooling unit configured to condition the scavenger air prior to the scavenger air entering the LAMEE.
3. The conditioning system of claim 2 wherein the cooling unit is configured to receive reduced-temperature water from the LAMEE to condition the scavenger air.
4. The conditioning system of claim 1 wherein the cooling fluid circuit is configured to transport the cooling fluid from the LAMEE to the enclosed space to provide cooling to the enclosed space.
5. The conditioning system of claim 1 wherein the cooling fluid in the cooling fluid flow path of the LAMEE is water.
6. The conditioning system of claim 1 wherein the cooling fluid circuit includes a first cooling fluid and a second cooling fluid, and wherein the first cooling fluid is the cooling fluid from the LAMEE.
7. The conditioning system of claim 6 wherein the cooling fluid circuit includes a liquid to liquid heat exchanger configured to receive the first and second cooling fluids to reduce a temperature of the second cooling fluid.
8. The conditioning system of claim 7 wherein the second cooling fluid is delivered to the enclosed space and provides cooling to the enclosed space.
9. The conditioning system of claim 1 further comprising a storage tank to store the cooling fluid from the LAMEE.
10. The conditioning system of claim 9 further comprising a mechanical cooling system cool the cooling fluid in the storage tank.
11. A conditioning system for controlling conditions in an enclosed space, the conditioning system comprising:
a cooling system disposed outside of the enclosed space, the cooling system comprising:
a scavenger air plenum having an air inlet and outlet, the scavenger air plenum configured to direct scavenger air in an air flow path from the air inlet to the air outlet;
a liquid to air membrane energy exchanger (LAMEE) arranged inside the scavenger air plenum in the air flow path, the LAMEE comprising a cooling fluid flow path separated from the air flow path by a membrane, the LAMEE configured to use the scavenger air to evaporatively cool a cooling fluid in the cooling fluid flow path, a temperature of the cooling fluid at a fluid outlet of the LAMEE is lower than a temperature of the cooling fluid at a fluid inlet of the LAMEE;
a first cooling unit arranged inside the scavenger air plenum between the air inlet and the LAMEE, the first cooling unit configured to condition the scavenger air prior to the scavenger air entering the LAMEE;
a second cooling unit arranged inside the scavenger air plenum between the LAMEE and the air outlet, the second cooling unit configured to reduce a temperature of the cooling fluid before the cooling fluid enters the LAMEE at the fluid inlet; and
one or more bypass dampers configured to permit scavenger air to enter or exit the air flow path at one or more locations between the air inlet and outlet; and
a cooling fluid circuit connected to the cooling fluid flow path of the LAMEE and extending from the scavenger air plenum into the enclosed space, the cooling fluid circuit configured to provide cooling to the enclosed space without moving air from the enclosed space through the cooling system.
12. The conditioning system of claim 11 wherein the cooling fluid circuit includes a tank for storing the cooling fluid from the LAMEE and a pump to deliver the cooling fluid to the enclosed space.
13. The conditioning system of claim 12 further comprising a supplemental cooling system configured to provide additional cooling to the cooling fluid in the tank.
14. The conditioning system of claim 13 wherein the supplemental cooling system is a DX coil located inside the tank.
15. The conditioning system of claim 11 wherein the one or more bypass dampers include a first set of bypass dampers configured to direct scavenger air into the air flow path at a location between the first cooling unit and the LAMEE.
16. The conditioning system of claim 11 wherein the one or more bypass dampers include a second set of bypass dampers configured to direct scavenger air into the air flow path at a location between the LAMEE and the second cooling unit.
17. The conditioning system of claim 11 wherein the enclosed space is a data center.
18. A conditioning system for controlling conditions in an enclosed space, the conditioning system comprising:
a cooling system disposed outside of the enclosed space, the cooling system comprising:
a scavenger air plenum having an air inlet and outlet, the scavenger air plenum configured to direct scavenger air in an air flow path from the air inlet to the air outlet; and
a liquid to air membrane energy exchanger (LAMEE) arranged inside the scavenger air plenum, the LAMEE comprising a cooling fluid flow path separated from the air flow path by a membrane, the LAMFE configured to use the scavenger air to evaporatively cool a cooling fluid in the cooling fluid flow path, a temperature of the cooling fluid at a fluid outlet of the LAMEE is lower than a temperature of the cooling fluid at a fluid inlet of the LAMEE;
a cooling coil arranged inside the scavenger air plenum downstream of the LAMEE and configured to use the scavenger air to cool the cooling fluid; and
a bypass valve configured to control a flow of the cooling fluid, exiting the cooling coil, to at least one of the LAMEE and a tank configured to store the cooling fluid; and
a cooling fluid circuit connected to the cooling fluid flow path of the LAMEE and extending from the scavenger air plenum into the enclosed space, the cooling fluid circuit configured to provide cooling to the enclosed space without moving air from the enclosed space through the cooling system.