Polyphase transverse flux machine
The disclosure relates to a polyphase transverse flux machine including a stator and a rotor configured to rotate relative to the stator about an axis in a circumferential direction. The transverse flux machine includes an electrical line running along a plurality of yokes in the circumferential direction, and a pair of permanent magnet arrays running in parallel in the circumferential direction. A plurality of return path bodies is provided in the stator, wherein each yoke has an associated return path body at a distance from the associated yoke in the radial direction. The magnetization direction of the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet arrays changes in such a way that a closed magnetic flux repeatedly occurs at each yoke during rotation of the rotor. The closed magnetic flux runs from one permanent magnet array across a respective yoke to the other permanent magnet array, and from there, across the associated return path body, back to the first-mentioned permanent magnet array.
1. A polyphase transverse flux machine having a stator and a rotor configured to rotate relative to the stator about an axis in a circumferential direction, wherein the polyphase transverse flux machine comprises for a respective current phase:
an electrical line running along a multiplicity of yokes in the circumferential direction, wherein the electrical line and the multiplicity of yokes are provided in the stator;
a pair of permanent magnet arrays provided in the rotor, wherein the pair of permanent magnet arrays run in parallel in the circumferential direction, and wherein each magnet array of the pair of permanent magnet arrays comprises a multiplicity of permanent magnets; and
a multiplicity of return path bodies provided in the stator, wherein each yoke is assigned a return path body spaced apart from the associated yoke in a radial direction,
wherein a magnetization direction of the permanent magnets in the pair of permanent magnet arrays changes in such a way that a closed magnetic flux repeatedly occurs at each yoke during rotation of the rotor,
wherein the closed magnetic flux runs from a first permanent magnet array of the pair of permanent magnet arrays via a respective yoke to a second permanent magnet array of the pair of permanent magnet arrays, and then from the second permanent magnet array back to the first permanent magnet array via the assigned return path body.
2. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 1 , wherein a first gap is provided between each permanent magnet array and each yoke,
wherein a second gap is provided between each return path body and each permanent magnet array,
wherein the second gap lies in a different plane than the first gap, and
wherein the closed magnetic flux escapes at the first gap and the second gap.
3. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 1 , wherein the respective return path bodies are arranged between the permanent magnet arrays of the pair of permanent magnet arrays.
4. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 1 , wherein the respective return path bodies are arranged on inner sides of the permanent magnet arrays,
wherein the inner sides face the axis of the polyphase transverse flux machine, and
wherein the yokes are positioned on opposite outer sides of the permanent magnet arrays.
5. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 1 , wherein a respective return path body is offset with respect to the associated yoke in the circumferential direction.
6. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 1 , wherein the permanent magnets of the respective permanent magnet arrays are arranged directly adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction.
7. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 2 , wherein the respective permanent magnet arrays are divided into repeating sections along the circumferential direction,
wherein the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets in the respective permanent magnet arrays changes in such a way that the direction of the closed magnetic flux reverses from one section to the next, and
wherein the closed magnetic flux in each section rotates from a direction perpendicular with respect to the first gap to a direction perpendicular with respect to the second gap or from a direction perpendicular with respect to the second gap to a direction perpendicular with respect to the first gap.
8. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 1 , wherein the polyphase transverse flux machine is configured in a three-phase fashion.
9. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 1 , wherein the rotor has a cross section of a triangle,
wherein the pair of permanent magnet arrays is provided on each triangular side for a current phase, and
wherein the return path bodies are guided in recesses on each triangular side.
10. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 1 , wherein the yokes are U-shaped, and
wherein a respective electrical line is arranged between limbs of the U-shaped yokes of a corresponding phase.
11. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 1 , wherein a respective electrical line has a circular outer diameter.
12. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 1 , wherein a respective electrical line is embodied as a hollow conductor in an interior of which a cooling fluid is guided or a heating pipe is provided.
13. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 2 , wherein the respective return path bodies are arranged between the permanent magnet arrays of the pair of permanent magnet arrays.
14. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 13 , wherein the respective return path bodies are arranged on inner sides of the permanent magnet arrays,
wherein the inner sides face the axis of the polyphase transverse flux machine, and
wherein the yokes are positioned on opposite outer sides of the permanent magnet arrays.
15. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 14 , wherein a respective return path body is offset with respect to the associated yoke in the circumferential direction.
16. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 15 , wherein the respective permanent magnet arrays are divided into repeating sections along the circumferential direction,
wherein the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets in the respective permanent magnet arrays changes in such a way that the direction of the closed magnetic flux reverses from one section to the next, and
wherein the closed magnetic flux in each section rotates from a direction perpendicular with respect to the first gap to a direction perpendicular with respect to the second gap or from a direction perpendicular with respect to the second gap to a direction perpendicular with respect to the first gap.
17. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 2 , wherein the respective return path bodies are arranged on inner sides of the permanent magnet arrays,
wherein the inner sides face the axis of the polyphase transverse flux machine, and
wherein the yokes are positioned on opposite outer sides of the permanent magnet arrays.
18. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 17 , wherein a respective return path body is offset with respect to the associated yoke in the circumferential direction.
19. The polyphase transverse flux machine of claim 18 , wherein the respective permanent magnet arrays are divided into repeating sections along the circumferential direction,
wherein the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets in the respective permanent magnet arrays changes in such a way that the direction of the closed magnetic flux reverses from one section to the next, and
wherein the closed magnetic flux in each section rotates from a direction perpendicular with respect to the first gap to a direction perpendicular with respect to the second gap or from a direction perpendicular with respect to the second gap to a direction perpendicular with respect to the first gap.