Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
New organic materials having polyaromatic structure containing boron and high triplet energy are disclosed. The high triplet energy materials are useful as host materials in PHOLEDs and improve device quantum efficiency and stability.
1. A compound having a structure or partial structure of Formula I:
wherein R A , R B , and R C are each independently 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl rings;
wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 each independently represent no substitutions or up to the maximum available substitutions;
wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphine, and combinations thereof;
wherein any adjacent R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are optionally joined or fused to form a ring;
wherein X 1 and X 7 are C or N;
wherein X 2 to X 6 are independently C;
wherein Y is N or P;
wherein Z is CRR′, O, PR, P(O)R, or S;
wherein Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of carbon and nitrogen;
wherein R and R′ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphine, and combinations thereof;
wherein R and/or R′ are optionally joined or fused with R 1 or R 3 to form a ring;
wherein the dashed lines represent a metal M optionally coordinated to R B and R C ; and
wherein when M is coordinated to R B and R C , M replaces R 2 and R 3 on Y 1 and Y 2 and bonds to Y 1 and Y 2 .
2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound has the formula:
3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is a dimer comprising two structures or partial structures of Formula I.
4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 substituents are joined or fused to form a 5- or 6-membered ring, which can be further substituted.
5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein X 1 -X 6 are C, and X 7 is C or N.
6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R and R′ are independently aryl or heteroaryl.
7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein X 1 is C or N, R A is aryl or heteroaryl and R A is connected to X 1 to form a fused ring.
9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein (a) at least one R 1 , R 2 , or R 3 comprises a substituent selected from the group consisting of carbazole, azacarbazole, dibenzofuran, azadibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, azadibenzothiophene, dibenzoselenophene, azadibenzoselenophene, triphenylene, azatriphenylene, diphenylsilyl, triphenylsilyl, and tetraphenylsilyl;
(b) two adjacent substituents of R 1 , R 2 , or R 3 form a fused benzo substituent on R A , R B , or R C , respectively; or
(c) both (a) and (b) are true.
11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein M is coordinated to Y 1 and Y 2 , and the compound has the formula:
12. The compound of claim 11 , wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Ir, Rh, Re, Ru, Os, Pt, Au, and Cu.
13. The compound of claim 11 , wherein one of Y 1 and Y 2 is nitrogen and the other one of Y 1 and Y 2 is carbon; or one of Y 1 and Y 2 is neutral carbene carbon and the other one of Y 1 and Y 2 is anionic carbon.
14. The compound of claim 11 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
15. An organic light-emitting device (OLED) comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound having a structure or partial structure of Formula I:
wherein R A , R B , and R C are each independently 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl rings;
wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 each independently represent no substitutions or up to the maximum available substitutions;
wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphine, and combinations thereof;
wherein any adjacent R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are optionally joined or fused to form a ring;
wherein X 1 and X 7 are C or N;
wherein X 2 to X 6 are independently C;
wherein Y is N or P;
wherein Z is CRR′, O, PR, P(O)R, or S;
wherein Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of carbon and nitrogen;
wherein R and R′ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphine, and combinations thereof;
wherein R and/or R′ are optionally joined or fused with R 1 or R 3 to form a ring;
wherein the dashed lines represent a metal M optionally coordinated to R B and R C ; and
wherein when M is coordinated to R B and R C , M replaces R 2 and R 3 on Y 1 and Y 2 and bonds to Y 1 and Y 2 .
16. The OLED of claim 15 , wherein the organic layer is an emissive layer and the compound of Formula I is a host.
17. The OLED of claim 15 , wherein the organic layer further comprises a phosphorescent emissive dopant that is a transition metal complex having at least one ligand or part of the ligand if the ligand is more than bidentate, selected from the group consisting of:
wherein each X 1 to X 13 are independently selected from the group consisting of carbon and nitrogen;
wherein X is selected from the group consisting of BR′, NR′, PR′, O, S, Se, C═O, S═O, SO 2 , CR′R″, SiR′R″, and GeR′R″;
wherein R′ and R″ are optionally fused or joined to form a ring;
wherein each R a , R b , R c , and R d may represent from mono substitution to the possible maximum number of substitution, or no substitution;
wherein R′, R″, R a , R b , R c , and R d are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, and combinations thereof; and
wherein any two adjacent substituents of R a , R b , R c , and R d are optionally fused or joined to form a ring or form a multidentate ligand.
18. The OLED of claim 15 , wherein the organic layer is a charge carrier blocking layer and the compound having Formula I is a charge carrier blocking material in the organic layer or the organic layer is a charge carrier transporting layer and the compound having Formula I is a charge carrier transporting material in the organic layer.
19. A consumer product comprising an organic light-emitting device comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound having a structure or partial structure of Formula I:
wherein R A , R B , and R C are each independently 5 or 6 membered aryl or heteroaryl rings;
wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 each independently represent no substitutions or up to the maximum available substitutions;
wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphine, and combinations thereof;
wherein any adjacent R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are optionally joined or fused to form a ring;
wherein X 1 and X 7 are C or N;
wherein X 2 to X 6 are independently C;
wherein Y is N or P;
wherein Z is CRR′, O, PR, P(O)R, or S;
wherein Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of carbon and nitrogen;
wherein R and R′ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphine, and combinations thereof;
wherein R and/or R′ are optionally joined or fused with R 1 or R 3 to form a ring;
wherein the dashed lines represent a metal M optionally coordinated to R B and R C ; and
wherein when M is coordinated to R B and R C , M replaces R 2 and R 3 on Y 1 and Y 2 and bonds to Y 1 and Y 2 .
20. The consumer product of claim 19 , wherein the consumer product is selected from the group consisting of flat panel displays, computer monitors, medical monitors, televisions, billboards, lights for interior or exterior illumination and/or signaling, heads-up displays, fully or partially transparent displays, flexible displays, laser printers, telephones, mobile phones, tablets, phablets, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices, laptop computers, digital cameras, camcorders, viewfinders, micro-displays, 3-D displays, virtual reality or augmented reality displays, vehicles, video walls comprising multiple displays tiled together, theater or stadium screen, and a sign.