Flexible thermoelectric generator and methods of manufacturing
Flexible thermoelectric generators and methods of manufacturing are disclosed. In one embodiment, a flexible thermoelectric generator includes a plurality of pillars, a first and a second plurality of flexible interconnects, and a flexible material. The plurality of pillars having a first side and a second side. The first plurality of flexible interconnects electrically connecting pairs of the plurality of pillars on the first side. The second plurality of flexible interconnects electrically connecting the pairs of plurality of pillars on the second side. The first and the second plurality of flexible interconnects alternate among the pairs of plurality of pillars to form an electrical circuit having a first end and a second end. The flexible material covering the first and second plurality of flexible interconnects and having an external surface. The flexible material is configured to conduct thermal energy from the external surface to the plurality of pillars.
1. A flexible thermoelectric generator comprising:
a plurality of pillars having a first side and a second side;
a first plurality of flexible interconnects electrically connecting pairs of the plurality of pillars on the first side;
a second plurality of flexible interconnects electrically connecting the pairs of plurality of pillars on the second side, wherein the first plurality and the second plurality of flexible interconnects alternate among the pairs of plurality of pillars to form an electrical circuit having a first end and a second end;
a first flexible material covering the first and second plurality of flexible interconnects, wherein the first flexible material has an external surface, and wherein the first flexible material is configured to conduct thermal energy from the external surface to the plurality of pillars; and
a second flexible material between each of the plurality of pillars, and with respect to the each of the plurality of pillars, only directly adjacent to the each of the plurality of pillars,
wherein the first flexible material covering the first and second plurality of flexible interconnects comprises polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and at least one of:
nanowires,
carbon nanotubes,
graphene, or
a liquid metal.
2. The flexible thermoelectric generator of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first plurality of flexible interconnects or the second plurality of flexible interconnects comprise liquid metal.
3. The flexible thermoelectric generator of claim 2 , wherein the liquid metal comprises at least one of gallium or eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn).
4. The flexible thermoelectric generator of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second plurality of flexible interconnects comprise nanowires.
5. The flexible thermoelectric generator of claim 4 , wherein the nanowires comprises at least one of silver (Ag) nanowires or copper (Cu) nanowires.
6. The flexible thermoelectric generator claim 1 , further comprising:
a first electrical link electrically connected to the first end;
a second electrical link electrically connected to the second end; and
a heating spreading material covering the external surface of the first flexible material, wherein the heating spreading material is configured to uniformly spread the thermal energy across the first flexible material.
7. The flexible thermoelectric generator of claim 6 , wherein the heat spreading material comprises a metal or a metal alloy.
8. The flexible thermoelectric generator of claim 1 , wherein the second flexible material includes at least one of bubbles or voids.
9. The flexible thermoelectric generator of claim 8 , wherein the at least one of the bubbles or the voids comprise air.
10. The flexible thermoelectric generator of claim 1 , wherein the second flexible material and the first flexible material comprise a common material.