Cancer immunotherapy using virus particles
A method of treating cancer in a subject in need thereof includes administering in situ to the cancer a therapeutically effective amount of a virus or virus-like particle.
1. A method of treating cancer in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising:
administering directly to the cancer a therapeutically effective amount of an in situ vaccine, the in situ vaccine including at least one of potato virus X, or potato virus X virus-like particles, wherein the potato virus X, and potato virus X virus-like particles are not used as a vehicle for drug or antigen delivery.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the in situ vaccine includes potato virus X virus-like particles.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is metastatic cancer.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of melanoma, breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, and ovarian cancer.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is lung cancer and the in situ vaccine is administered by inhalation.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a chemotherapeutic to the subject.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the chemotherapeutic is not loaded on or bound to the potato virus X, or potato virus X virus-like particles.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the chemotherapeutic is doxorubicin.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutically effective amount of the in situ vaccine is an amount effective to stimulate a systemic immune response to the cancer in the subject.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutically effective amount of the in situ vaccine is an amount effective to promote neutrophil activation or an increase in tumor-infiltrating neutrophils and activated neutrophils.
11. A method of treating melanoma in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising:
administering directly to the melanoma a therapeutically effective amount of an in situ vaccine, the in situ vaccine including at least one of potato virus X, or potato virus X virus-like particles, wherein the potato virus X, and potato virus X virus-like particles are not used as a vehicle for drug or antigen delivery; and
administering a therapeutically effective amount of doxorubicin to the subject, wherein the doxorubicin is not loaded on or bound to the potato virus X, or potato virus X virus-like particles.