Enhancements to observed time difference of arrival positioning of a mobile device
A mobile station performs Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) positioning by measuring a time of arrival (TOA) of downlink signals transmitted from a reference cell and one or more neighbor cells. Reference Signal Time Differences (RSTDs) are generated using TOA measurements from the reference cell and each neighbor cell. The mobile station reports to a location server location information, including the RSTD measurements and the times of measurement for the TOA measurements. The mobile station may further generate and report additional RSTD and/or TOA measurements and associated times of measurement for the reference cell and/or neighbor cells. A location server may use the RSTD measurements, the times of measurement and any TOA measurements to determine a position of the mobile station taking into account user motion and base station clock drift and/or may adjust the uncertainty of the resulting position.
1. A method of performing Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) positioning at a mobile station, the method comprising:
performing a plurality of time of arrival (TOA) measurements of downlink (DL) signals, the plurality of TOA measurements comprising a first TOA measurement measuring DL signals transmitted from a reference cell, a second TOA measurement measuring DL signals transmitted from a neighbor cell, and a third TOA measurement measuring DL signals transmitted from a second neighbor cell;
generating a first Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) using the first TOA measurement and the second TOA measurement;
generating a second RSTD using the first TOA measurement and the third TOA measurement; and
reporting location information to a location server for OTDOA positioning of the mobile station, wherein the location information comprises each of the first RSTD, the second RSTD, a time of the first TOA measurement, a time of the second TOA measurement, and a time of the third TOA measurement, and wherein, for each of the time of the first TOA measurement, the time of the second TOA measurement, and the time of the third TOA measurement, the respective time of the TOA measurement is relative to a common reference time.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reporting location information to the location server for OTDOA positioning of the mobile station uses a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP).
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the DL signals comprise a positioning reference signal (PRS) for Long Term Evolution (LTE).
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the time of the first TOA measurement and the time of the second TOA measurement includes units of PRS positioning occasions, units of LTE radio frames, units of LTE subframes, a count of system frame number wraparound occasions, a Global Positioning System (GPS) time, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time, a Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), or a combination of thereof.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the location information further comprises at least one additional TOA measurement for at least one of the reference cell and the neighbor cell and a time of the least one additional TOA measurement.
6. A mobile station for performing Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA), the mobile station comprising:
a wireless transceiver configured to wirelessly communicate with a wireless network and to receive downlink (DL) signals transmitted from a reference cell and a neighbor cell; and
at least one processor coupled to the wireless transceiver and configured to perform a plurality of time of arrival (TOA) measurements of the DL signals, the plurality of TOA measurements comprising a first TOA measurement measuring DL signals transmitted from the reference cell, a second TOA measurement measuring DL signals transmitted from a neighbor cell, and a third TOA measurement measuring DL signals transmitted from a second neighbor cell, generate a first Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) using the first TOA measurement and the second TOA measurement, generate a second RSTD using the first TOA measurement and the third TOA measurement, and cause the wireless transceiver to report location information to a location server for OTDOA positioning of the mobile station, wherein the location information comprises each of the first RSTD, the second RSTD, a time of the first TOA measurement, a time of the second TOA measurement, and a time of the third TOA measurement, and wherein, for each of the time of the first TOA measurement, the time of the second TOA measurement, and the time of the third TOA measurement, the respective time of the TOA measurement is relative to a common reference time.
7. The mobile station of claim 6 , wherein the DL signals comprise a positioning reference signal (PRS) for Long Term Evolution (LTE), and wherein the time of the first TOA measurement and the time of the second TOA measurement includes units of PRS positioning occasions, units of LTE radio frames, units of LTE subframes, a count of system frame number wraparound occasions, a Global Positioning System (GPS) time, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time, a Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), or a combination of thereof.
8. The mobile station of claim 6 , wherein the location information further comprises at least one additional TOA measurement for at least one of the reference cell and the neighbor cell and a time of the least one additional TOA measurement.
9. A method of performing Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) positioning at a location server, the method comprising:
receiving location information from a mobile station for OTDOA positioning of the mobile station, the location information comprising each of a Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) generated by the mobile station using a first TOA measurement of a first downlink (DL) signal measured from the reference cell and a second TOA measurement of a second DL signal measured from the neighbor cell, a time of the first TOA measurement and a time of the second TOA measurement, wherein the location information further comprises each of a second RSTD generated by the mobile station using the first TOA measurement and a third TOA measurement of a third DL signal measured from a second neighbor cell, and a time of the third TOA measurement, and wherein, for each of the time of the first TOA measurement, the time of the second TOA measurement, and the time of the third TOA measurement, the respective time of the TOA measurement is relative to a common reference time.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the location information from the mobile station is reported using a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP).
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the first DL signal and the second DL signal comprise a positioning reference signal (PRS) for Long Term Evolution (LTE).
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the time of the first TOA measurement and the time of the second TOA measurement includes units of PRS positioning occasions, units of LTE radio frames, units of LTE subframes, a count of system frame number wraparound occasions, a Global Positioning System (GPS) time, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time, a Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), or a combination of thereof.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the location information further comprises at least one additional TOA measurement for at least one of the reference cell and the neighbor cell and a time of the least one additional TOA measurement.
14. A location server for performing Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) positioning, the location server comprising:
a communications interface configured to communicate with a mobile station; and
at least one processor coupled to the communications interface and configured to receive location information from the mobile station for OTDOA positioning of the mobile station, the location information comprising each of a Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) generated by the mobile station using a first TOA measurement of a first downlink (DL) signal measured from the reference cell and a second TOA measurement of a second DL signal measured from the neighbor cell, a time of the first TOA measurement and a time of the second TOA measurement, and use the location information to determine a location of the mobile station, wherein the location information further comprises each of a second RSTD generated by the mobile station using the first TOA measurement and a third TOA measurement of a third DL signal measured from a second neighbor cell, and a time of the third TOA measurement, and wherein, for each of the time of the first TOA measurement, the time of the second TOA measurement, and the time of the third TOA measurement, the respective time of the TOA measurement is relative to a common reference time.
15. The location server of claim 14 , wherein the first DL signal and the second DL signal comprise a positioning reference signal (PRS) for Long Term Evolution (LTE), and the time of the first TOA measurement and the time of the second TOA measurement includes units of PRS positioning occasions, units of LTE radio frames, units of LTE subframes, a count of system frame number wraparound occasions, a Global Positioning System (GPS) time, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time, a Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), or a combination of thereof.
16. The location server of claim 14 , wherein the location information further comprises at least one additional TOA measurement for at least one of the reference cell and the neighbor cell and a time of the least one additional TOA measurement.