Flexibile superconducting lead assembly
There is set forth herein a superconducting lead assembly comprising: a positive superconducting wire; a negative superconducting wire, wherein the positive superconducting wire is configured to conduct inflow current to a cryogenic apparatus and wherein the negative superconducting wire is configured to conduct outflow current away from the cryogenic apparatus; and an electrically insulating separator, wherein the positive superconducting wire and the negative superconducting wire are arranged proximately one another and on opposite sides of the electrically insulating separator for cancellation of electromagnetic forces attributable to current flowing simultaneously in opposite directions within the positive superconducting wire and the negative superconducting wire, and wherein a length of the superconducting lead assembly is flexible. In one embodiment the positive superconducting wire and the negative superconducting wire can include high temperature superconducting (HTS) material.
1. A cryogenic system comprising:
a vessel containing a cryogenic apparatus; and
a superconducting lead assembly feeding electric current from a power supply to the cryogenic apparatus and extending from an area of the cryogenic system to the cryogenic apparatus, the area warmer than the cryogenic apparatus, the superconducting lead assembly having a positive superconducting wire disposed within the vessel and a negative superconducting wire disposed within the vessel, wherein the positive superconducting wire is an inflow superconducting wire conducting inflow current to the cryogenic apparatus and wherein the negative superconducting wire is an outflow superconducting wire conducting outflow current away from the cryogenic apparatus, wherein the superconducting lead assembly includes an electrically insulating separator, and wherein the positive superconducting wire and the negative superconducting wire are arranged proximate one another and disposed on opposite sides of the electrically insulating separator to cancel electromagnetic forces attributable to current flowing simultaneously in opposite directions within the positive superconducting wire and the negative superconducting wire, and wherein a length of the superconducting lead assembly is flexible.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein positive superconducting wire and the negative superconducting wire include high temperature superconducting (HTS) material.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the vessel is a vacuum vessel.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the positive superconducting wire and the negative superconducting wire are symmetrically disposed about the electrically insulating separator.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the positive superconducting wire, the negative superconducting wire and the electrically insulating separator are each of an elongated configuration.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the superconducting lead assembly is flexible throughout a length thereof.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the positive superconducting wire and the negative superconducting wire include respective superconducting layers and substrates, wherein the superconducting lead assembly is configured so that the respective superconducting layers of the positive superconducting wire and negative superconducting wire are disposed closer to the electrically insulating separator than the respective substrates of the positive superconducting wire and negative superconducting wire.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the superconducting lead assembly is in a bended configuration within the vessel.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the superconducting lead assembly has a first end connected to a current terminal assembly of the cryogenic apparatus, and a second end connected to a current terminal assembly of a component of the cryogenic system disposed within the vessel, the cryogenic apparatus being colder than the component.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the cryogenic apparatus includes one or more of the following selected from the group consisting of a superconducting magnet, motor, generator, fault current limiter, energy storage device, particle accelerator, middle scale magnet, lab use magnet, and transformer.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the superconducting lead assembly extends from a thermal barrier to the cryogenic apparatus.
12. The system of claim 1 , wherein the superconducting lead assembly is absent a rigid support structure to oppose iterative movement of a superconducting wire resulting from electromagnetic forces attributable to current flowing through a superconducting wire.
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the positive superconducting wire includes superconducting material, the superconducting material being selected from the group consisting of copper oxide superconducting material and rare earth superconducting material.
14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the positive superconducting wire includes a superconducting layer formed of superconducting material, and non-superconducting material formed around the superconducting layer.
15. A method comprising:
installing a superconducting lead assembly within a vessel of a cryogenic system having a cryogenic apparatus, the superconducting lead assembly extending from an area of the cryogenic system to the cryogenic apparatus, the area warmer than the cryogenic apparatus, the superconducting lead assembly having a positive superconducting wire and a negative superconducting wire, wherein the positive superconducting wire is configured to conduct inflow current to a cryogenic apparatus and wherein the negative superconducting wire is configured to conduct outflow current away from the cryogenic apparatus, and an electrically insulating separator, wherein the positive superconducting wire and the negative superconducting wire are arranged proximate one another about the electrically insulating separator for cancellation of electromagnetic forces attributable to current flowing simultaneously in opposite directions within the positive superconducting wire and the negative superconducting wire, wherein a length of the superconducting lead assembly is flexible, wherein the installing includes connecting the superconducting lead assembly to the cryogenic apparatus for supply of current from a power supply to the cryogenic apparatus and bending the superconducting lead assembly into a bended configuration; and
supplying power from the power supply to energize the cryogenic apparatus using the superconducting lead assembly, the supplying power including simultaneously conducting inflow current through the positive superconducting wire and outflow current through the negative superconducting wire.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein positive superconducting wire and the negative superconducting wire include high temperature superconducting (HTS) material.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the supplying power is characterized by the superconducting lead assembly remaining stationary in the bended configuration by operation of electromagnetic forces attributable to current flowing simultaneously in opposite directions within the positive superconducting wire and the negative superconducting wire cancelling one another.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the method includes subsequently to the supplying power re-bending the superconducting lead assembly so that the superconducting lead assembly is in a second bended configuration and re-supplying power from the power supply to energize the cryogenic apparatus using the superconducting lead assembly, the re-supplying power including simultaneously conducting inflow current through the positive superconducting wire and outflow current through the negative superconducting wire, wherein the re-supplying power is characterized by the superconducting lead assembly remaining stationary in the second bended configuration by operation of electromagnetic forces attributable to current flowing simultaneously in opposite directions within the positive superconducting wire and the negative superconducting wire cancelling one another.