Structure for the end of pressure vessels, most applicably plate heat exchangers, for reducing the effects of movement changes and vibrations caused by variations in internal pressure and temperature, a method for implementing it and use of same
A structure for the end of pressure vessels, most applicably plate heat exchangers, for reducing the effects of movement changes and vibrations caused by variations in internal pressure and temperature. The end is made up of a heat transfer plate and an end part in such a way that the end part is connected by welding to the shell of the outer surface of the heat exchanger stack, forming an enclosed chamber on the end of the heat exchanger, into which chamber higher pressure than the external pressure level is brought and/or generated. The higher pressure receives and dampens, via a heat transfer plate, vibration and pressure shocks harmful to the heat exchanger structure in the medium circuits of the heat exchanger.
1. A heat exchanger provided with a damping device at one end for reducing effects of movement changes and vibration caused by variations in internal pressure and temperature, the heat exchanger comprising a heat exchanger stack including a plurality of sheet metal heat transfer plates,
wherein the damping device is made up of one sheet metal heat transfer plate of the heat exchanger stack and an end part in such a way that the one sheet metal heat transfer plate is hermetically sealed to the end part to form a hermetically sealed chamber on said one end of the heat exchanger, and the hermetically sealed chamber is welded to a shell of an outer surface of the heat exchanger stack and
wherein a higher pressure than an external pressure level is brought and/or generated into the hermetically sealed chamber, and the higher pressure receives and dampens, via a heat transfer plate, vibration and pressure shocks harmful to a heat exchanger structure inside medium circuits of the heat exchanger.
2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 , further comprising a reinforcing plate, detached from the end part and filling inside the hermetically sealed chamber as well as possible, in such a way that the one sheet metal heat transfer plate of the heat exchanger stack rests as tightly as possible against the reinforcing plate, in such a way that a pressure load being exerted on the heat transfer plates is transmitted via edges of the reinforcing plate to the end part as almost purely a tensile stress load.
3. The heat exchanger according to claim 2 , wherein the heat exchanger includes two of the hermetically sealed chamber formed on two ends of the heat exchanger respectively, each of the two hermetically sealed chambers is a free volume definable according to a size of the respective end part and heat transfer plate, reduced by a volume of the respective reinforcing plate, in such a way that the free volume is connected to the rest of the heat exchanger stack bounded by a thin, flexible and drumhead-like sheet metal heat transfer plate.
4. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 , wherein the hermetically sealed chamber is a pressure chamber, to the inside of which is brought gas pressure by means of a valve or in some other manner via a closable hole, in such a way that via the closable hole internal gas pressure preselected to be appropriate to an operating situation is brought in conjunction with a manufacture of the damping device, and the chamber is closed immediately to be leak-tight.
5. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 , wherein the hermetically sealed chamber is a pressure chamber, to the inside of which is brought a medium, selected from a group including water, ammonia-water, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and air, and by means of a rise in a temperature of the medium an internal gas pressure appropriate to an operating situation is generated.
6. The heat exchanger according to claim 5 , wherein the pressure of the hermetically sealed chamber is defined according to the volume of the chamber and a saturated vapor pressure of an amount of vaporizable fluid of the medium selected for the chamber, when the temperature exceeds the vaporization pressure.
7. A method for reducing effects of movement changes and vibrations caused by variations in internal pressure and temperature of pressure vessels for a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger being provided with a damping device at one end, the heat exchanger comprising a heat exchanger stack including a plurality of sheet metal heat transfer plates, wherein the damping device is made up of one sheet metal heat transfer plate of the heat exchanger stack and an end part in such a way that the one sheet metal heat transfer plate is hermetically sealed to the end part to form a hermetically sealed chamber on said one end of the heat exchanger, and the hermetically sealed chamber is welded to a shell of an outer surface of the heat exchanger stack,
wherein the method comprises the step of bringing into and/or generating a higher pressure than the external pressure level into the hermetically sealed chamber, the higher pressure receives and dampens, via a heat transfer plate, vibration and pressure shocks harmful to a heat exchanger structure in medium circuits of the heat exchanger.
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the hermetically sealed chamber is a pressure chamber, to the inside of which is brought gas pressure by means of a valve or in some other manner via a closable hole, in such a way that via the closable hole internal gas pressure preselected to be appropriate to an operating situation is brought in conjunction with a manufacture of the damping device, and the chamber is closed immediately, by welding, to be leak-tight.
9. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the heat exchanger includes two of the hermetically sealed chamber formed on two ends of the heat exchanger respectively, and to the inside of each hermetically sealed chamber is brought a medium, selected from a group including water, ammonia-water, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and air, and by means of a rise in a temperature of the medium an internal gas pressure appropriate to an operating situation is generated.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the pressure of the hermetically sealed chamber is defined according to the volume of the chamber and a saturated vapor pressure of an amount of vaporizable fluid of the medium selected for the chamber, when the temperature exceeds the vaporization pressure.
11. The heat exchanger according to claim 3 , wherein the hermetically sealed chamber is a pressure chamber, to the inside of which is brought gas pressure by means of a valve or in some other manner via a closable hole, in such a way that via the closable hole internal gas pressure preselected to be appropriate to an operating situation is brought in conjunction with a manufacture of the damping device, and the chamber is closed immediately, by welding, to be leak-tight.
12. The heat exchanger according to claim 3 , wherein the hermetically sealed chamber is a pressure chamber, to the inside of which is brought a medium, selected from a group including water, ammonia-water, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and air, and by means of a rise in a temperature of the medium an internal gas pressure appropriate to an operating situation is generated.
13. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the heat exchanger includes two of the hermetically sealed chamber formed on two ends of the heat exchanger respectively, and to the inside of each hermetically sealed chamber is brought a medium, selected from a group including water, ammonia-water, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and air, and by means of a rise in a temperature of the medium an internal gas pressure appropriate to an operating situation is generated.