Lithium composite compounds with anionic framework isostructural to Laves Mg
View Patent ↗A series of solid-state lithium ion composite electrolytes is described. The composite materials have lithium ions in an anionic framework wherein the anionic framework has lithium ion vacancies or interstitial Li + sites. The anionic framework lattice is isostructural to a Laves Mg 2 Cu lattice and the lithium ion (Li + ) conductivity of the solid state lithium ion electrolyte is at least 10 −4 S/cm. The activation energy for lithium ion migration in the solid state lithium ion electrolyte is 0.36 sV or less. Composites of specific formulae are provided.
1. A solid-state lithium ion electrolyte, comprising:
a composite material of lithium ions in an anionic framework;
wherein
the anionic framework comprises lithium ion vacancies or interstitial Li + sites,
the anionic framework lattice is isostructural to a Laves Mg 2 Cu lattice,
a lithium ion (Li + ) conductivity of the solid state lithium ion electrolyte is at least 10 −4 S/cm, and
an activation energy for lithium ion migration in the solid state lithium ion electrolyte is 0.36 sV or less.
2. The solid-state lithium ion electrolyte according to claim 1 of formula (I):
Li 9−x−2m M m X x N 3−x (I)
wherein M is a cation of +2 charge, X is at least one of S, Se and Te, m is a number from 0 to 1, x is a number from 1 to 1.25, and the anionic framework of the composite material isostructural to a Laves Mg 2 Cu lattice comprises Li + vacancies.
3. The solid-state lithium ion electrolyte according to claim 2 , wherein M is a least one selected from the group consisting of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Zn, and m is from greater than 0 to 1.
4. The solid-state lithium ion electrolyte according to claim 2 , wherein m is 0, and at least one of the X atoms is substituted with an anion of valency greater than 2.
5. The solid-state lithium ion electrolyte according to claim 4 , wherein the at least one X atom is substituted with an atom selected from the group consisting of N, P and As.
6. The solid-state lithium ion electrolyte according to claim 5 of formula (Ia):
Li 9−x X x N 3−x (Ia)
wherein x is a number from 1 to 1.25 and the Li + vacancies are present due to substitution of X atoms with N.
7. The solid-state lithium ion electrolyte according to claim 1 of formula (II):
Li 2 In 2 SiS 6 (II)
wherein the anionic framework isostructural to a Laves Mg 2 Cu lattice comprises interstitial Li + sites.
8. The solid-state lithium ion electrolyte according to claim 7 of formula (IIa):
Li 2+3z In 2−z SiS 6 (IIa)
wherein z is a number from 0.01 to 0.375.
9. A solid state lithium battery, comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
a solid state lithium ion electrolyte located between the anode and the cathode;
wherein
the solid state lithium ion electrolyte comprises the composite material of claim 1 .
10. A solid state lithium battery, comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
a solid state lithium ion electrolyte located between the anode and the cathode;
wherein
the solid state lithium ion electrolyte comprises the composite material of claim 2 .
11. A solid state lithium battery, comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
a solid state lithium ion electrolyte located between the anode and the cathode;
wherein
the solid state lithium ion electrolyte comprises the composite material of claim 6 .
12. A solid state lithium battery, comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
a solid state lithium ion electrolyte located between the anode and the cathode;
wherein
the solid state lithium ion electrolyte comprises the composite material of claim 7 .
13. A solid state lithium battery, comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
a solid state lithium ion electrolyte located between the anode and the cathode;
wherein
the solid state lithium ion electrolyte comprises the composite material of claim 8 .