Coating providing modulated release of volatile compositions
Described are modulating coatings that are configured to provide an improved release profile of a volatile composition from a base material, wherein the modulating coating includes a barrier substance that is configured to hinder a release of the volatile composition through the modulating coating, and a hygroscopic substance that is configured to facilitate the release of the volatile composition through the modulating coating.
1. A method of manufacturing a fragrance-releasing article, the article comprising a base material having fibers and pores, the method comprising:
applying a volatile composition to the base material;
applying a modulating coating to at least one outer surface of the base material, the modulating coating comprising a hygroscopic substance and a barrier substance dispersed therein;
wherein the hygroscopic substance comprises silica particles that are sized to attract water vapor without attracting liquid water;
subjecting the combination of the base material, the modulating coating, and the volatile composition to a pressure that is different from atmospheric pressure;
wherein the fragrance-releasing article exhibits a ratio of a first day weight-loss value to a last day weight-loss value in a range of 1 to 20 over a 30 day life cycle of the fragrance-releasing article.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the barrier substance comprises a member selected from the group consisting of maltodextrins, dextrins, polysaccharides, carbohydrates, natural unmodified starches, modified starches, and combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the volatile composition comprises a member selected from the group consisting of fragrances, flavor compounds, odor-eliminating compounds, aromatherapy compounds, natural oils, essential oils, water-based scents, odor neutralizing compounds, and combinations thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the barrier substance is grouped around particles of the hygroscopic substance through electrostatic interactions in the modulating coating due to a surface charge of the hygroscopic substance.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hygroscopic substance comprises particles with a diameter ranging from 1 nm to 100 nm.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the barrier substance hinders a release of the volatile composition through the modulating coating; and
wherein the hygroscopic substance facilitates the release of the volatile composition through the modulating coating due to presence of particles of the hygroscopic substance.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein subjecting the combination of the base material, the modulating coating, and the volatile composition to a pressure that is different from atmospheric pressure comprises subjecting the combination of the base material, the modulating coating, and the volatile composition to a pressure that is less than atmospheric pressure.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the pressure is in a range from 0.001 mm Hg to 700 mm Hg.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein subjecting the combination of the base material, the modulating coating, and the volatile composition to a pressure that is different from atmospheric pressure comprises subjecting the combination of the base material, the modulating coating, and the volatile composition to a pressure that is greater than atmospheric pressure.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the pressure is in a range from 1 psi to 40 psi.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pressure is applied for a period of up to 1 hour and the pressure is variable during the period.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein subjecting the combination of the base material, the modulating coating, and the volatile composition to a pressure that is different from atmospheric pressure comprises subjecting the combination of the base material, the modulating coating, and the volatile composition to a pressure that is less than atmospheric pressure, followed by a pressure that is greater than atmospheric pressure.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein particles of the hygroscopic substance attract water molecules from a surrounding atmosphere into the modulating coating to displace the volatile composition trapped by the barrier substance within the modulating coating.
14. The method of claim 5 , wherein the barrier substance comprises maltodextrin.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein a weight ratio of the maltodextrin to the hygroscopic substance ranges from 99:1 to 1:99.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein a weight ratio of the maltodextrin to the hygroscopic substance ranges from 25:75 to 75:25.
17. The method of claim 14 , wherein a weight ratio of the maltodextrin to the hygroscopic substance is approximately 50:50.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least some of the volatile composition is located within the modulating coating, wherein the modulating coating further comprises water that is absorbed or adsorbed to the hygroscopic substance.
19. A method of manufacturing a fragrance-releasing article, the article comprising a rod-shaped structural component comprising a base material wound around a vertical axis, the base material having fibers and pores, the method comprising:
applying a volatile composition to the base material;
applying a modulating coating to at least one outer surface of the base material, the modulating coating comprising a hygroscopic substance and a barrier substance dispersed therein;
wherein the hygroscopic substance comprises silica particles that are sized to attract water vapor without attracting liquid water;
subjecting the combination of the base material, the modulating coating, and the volatile composition to a pressure that is different from atmospheric pressure;
wherein the fragrance-releasing article exhibits a ratio of a first day weight-loss value to a last day weight-loss value in a range of 1 to 20 over a 30 day life cycle of the fragrance-releasing article.