Non-uniform optimal survey design principles
Method for acquiring seismic data is described. The method includes determining a non-uniform optimal sampling design that includes a compressive sensing sampling grid. Placing a plurality of source lines or receiver lines at a non-uniform optimal line interval. Placing a plurality of receivers or nodes at a non-uniform optimal receiver interval. Towing a plurality of streamers attached to a vessel, wherein the plurality of streamers is spaced apart at non-uniform optimal intervals based on the compressive sensing sampling grid. Firing a plurality of shots from one or more seismic sources at non-uniform optimal shot intervals. Acquiring seismic data via the plurality of receivers or nodes.
1. A method of acquiring seismic data comprising:
a) determining a non-uniform optimal sampling design by calculating a compressive sensing sampling grid that minimizes mutual coherence;
b) placing a plurality of source lines or receiver lines at a non-uniform optimal line interval;
c) placing a plurality of receivers or nodes at a non-uniform optimal receiver interval;
d) towing a plurality of streamers attached to a vessel, wherein the plurality of streamers is spaced apart at non-uniform optimal intervals, wherein the plurality of streamers is at least three streamers;
e) firing a plurality of shots from one or more seismic sources at non-uniform optimal shot intervals; and
f) acquiring seismic data via the plurality of receivers or nodes.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the seismic data is acquired via land, ocean-bottom seismic, or marine survey.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the seismic data is sampled below Nyquist-Shannon limit.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
applying sparse inversion-based reconstruction on the seismic data.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of streamers ranges from 6 to 50 streamers.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein each shot interval ranges from about 5 m to about 100 m.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein each receiver interval ranges from about 5 m to about 100 m.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein each streamer interval ranges from about 25 m to about 200 m.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein each line interval ranges from about 25 m to about 500 m.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
applying sparse inversion-based deblending on the seismic data.
11. A method of acquiring seismic data comprising:
determining a non-uniform optimal sampling design by calculating a compressive sensing sampling grid that minimizes mutual coherence, wherein mutual coherence is determined by:
μ
(
R
,
S
)
=
max
i
≠
j
d
i
*
d
j
,
i
,
j
=
1
…
n
,
and mutual coherence is minimized by:
min
R
μ
(
R
)
=
min
R
max
l
≠
0
r
^
l
,
where S is sparsity basis, R is a sampling operator, μ mutual coherence, and {circumflex over (r)} l are Fourier coefficients of diag(R*R);
placing a plurality of source lines or receiver lines at a non-uniform optimal line interval;
placing a plurality of receivers or nodes at a non-uniform optimal receiver interval;
towing a plurality of streamers attached to a vessel, wherein the plurality of streamers is spaced apart at non-uniform optimal intervals, wherein the plurality of streamers is at least three streamers;
firing a plurality of shots from one or more seismic sources at non-uniform optimal shot intervals; and
acquiring seismic data via the plurality of receivers or nodes.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the seismic data is acquired via land, ocean-bottom seismic, or marine survey.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the seismic data is sampled below Nyquist-Shannon limit.
14. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
applying sparse inversion-based reconstruction on the seismic data.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the plurality of streamers ranges from 6 to 50 streamers.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein each shot interval ranges from about 5 m to about 100 m.
17. The method of claim 11 , wherein each receiver interval ranges from about 5 m to about 100 m.
18. The method of claim 11 , wherein each streamer interval ranges from about 25 m to about 200 m.
19. The method of claim 11 , wherein each line interval ranges from about 25 m to about 500 m.
20. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
applying sparse inversion-based deblending on the seismic data.