EFFICIENT, MANGANESE CATALYZED PROCESS TO DECOMPOSE CYANIDE IONS AND HYDROGEN CYANIDE FOR WATER DECONTAMINATION
Methods, kits, cartridges, and compounds related to generating chlorine dioxide by exposing ClO 2 − to at least one of a manganese porphyrin catalyst or a manganese porphyrazine catalyst are described. Methods, kits, cartridges, and compounds related to decomposed cyanide ions and hydrogen cyanide for water decontamination.
1 . A method of generating chlorine dioxide comprising exposing ClO 2 − to a manganese porphyrizine catalyst.
2 . The method of claim 1 comprising providing a the ClO 2 − from a ClO 2 − source.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the ClO 2 − source is a chlorite salt.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the ClO 2 − chlorite salt is selected from the group consisting of sodium chlorite, potassium chlorite, calcium chlorite and magnesium chlorite.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the ClO 2 − is mixed with a solid filler or adsorbed on at least one substance selected from the group consisting of clay, silica, alumina and organic polymers.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the manganese porphyrazine catalyst is adsorbed on a solid support.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the manganese porphyrazine catalyst is adsorbed on a solid support.
8 . A method of treating a substance comprising generating chlorine dioxide by exposing ClO 2 − to a manganese porphyrazine catalyst, and exposing the substance to the generated chlorine dioxide.
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the substance comprises water, air, a solid, a surface, cooling liquid, cooling liquid in a cooling tower, surfaces where biofilms may develop or have developed food processing equipment, food products, and oral hygiene products.
10 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the ClO 2 − is mixed with a solid filler or adsorbed on at least one substance selected from the group consisting of clay, silica, alumina and organic polymers.
11 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the manganese porphyrazine catalyst is adsorbed on a solid support.
12 . A kit for generating chlorine dioxide comprising a manganese porphyrazine catalyst.
13 . The kit of claim 12 further comprising instructions to combine the at least one manganese porphyrazine catalyst catalyst with ClO 2 − .
14 . The kit of claim 12 further comprising ClO 2 − .
15 . The kit of claim 14 , wherein the ClO 2 − is mixed with a solid filler or adsorbed on at least one substance selected from the group consisting of clay, silica, alumina and organic polymers.
16 . The kit of claim 14 further comprising instructions to combine the at least one catalyst with the ClO 2 − .
17 . The kit of claim 12 , wherein the manganese porphyrazine catalyst is adsorbed on a solid support.
18 . The kit of claim 17 , wherein the solid support includes a substance selected from the group consisting of clay, silica, alumina, glass beads, functionalized polystyrene or organic polymers.
19 . A cartridge comprising a housing and at least one of a manganese porphyrin catalyst or a manganese porphyrazine catalyst in the housing, wherein the cartridge is adapted to allow reactants to contact the at least one of a manganese porphyrin catalyst or a manganese porphyrazine.
20 . The cartridge of claim 19 further comprising a ClO 2 − source.
21 . The cartridge of claim 20 , wherein the ClO 2 − source is a chlorite salt.
22 . The cartridge of claim 20 , wherein the at least one of a manganese porphyrin catalyst or a manganese porphyrazine catalyst and the ClO 2 − source are separated by an interface.
23 . The cartridge of claim 22 , wherein the interface is a solid material configured to allow mixing of the at least one of a manganese porphyrin catalyst or a manganese porphyrazine catalyst with the ClO 2 − source upon mechanical disruption.
24 . The cartridge of claim 23 , wherein the mechanical disruption includes breaking of the solid material.
25 . The cartridge of claim 23 , wherein the mechanical disruption includes dissolution of the solid material.
26 . The cartridge of claim 20 , wherein the housing includes a first compartment and a second compartment, and the at least one of a manganese porphyrin catalyst or a manganese porphyrazine catalyst is in the first compartment and the ClO 2 − source is in the second compartment.
27 . The cartridge of claim 19 , wherein the at least one of a manganese porphyrin catalyst or a manganese porphyrazine catalyst is adsorbed on a solid support.
28 . The cartridge of claim 27 , wherein the solid support includes a substance selected from the group consisting of clay, silica, alumina, glass beads, functionalized polystyrene, or organic polymers.