Preformed thermoplastic pavement marking and method utilizing large aggregate for improved long term skid resistance and reduced tire tracking
The present disclosure describes a preformed or in some cases a hot applied thermoplastic marking composition comprising a planar top surface portion and a planar bottom surface portion that are coplanar to each other, wherein said bottom surface portion is directly applied to a substrate via application of heat or pressure or both heat and pressure and wherein said top surface portion comprises an intermix that exits throughout said thermoplastic composition and includes large grit size aggregate in the range of about 8 to about 20 mesh or grit size, thereby reducing or eliminating tire tracking while also improving long-term skid resistance.
1. A preformed thermoplastic marking comprising:
a plurality of thermoplastic sections including planar top surfaces, planar bottom surfaces, and an adhesive on at least a portion of said bottom surfaces,
wherein said planar top surfaces of each of said plurality of thermoplastic sections comprise features representing a pattern of said thermoplastic sections,
wherein said features comprise alphanumeric characters, symbols, or combinations thereof,
wherein said plurality of thermoplastic sections comprise 18.8 to 20 weight percent of a binder comprising an alkyd resin, the alkyd resin comprising a polyamide resin, a modified rosin resin, a phthalate plasticizer, and a polyethylene (PE) wax, the alkyd resin including a higher weight percentage of the phthalate plasticizer than the PE wax,
wherein said plurality of thermoplastic sections comprise light reflective beads embedded within their surface,
wherein the light reflective beads comprise glass, and
wherein said plurality of thermoplastic sections further comprise an indented visual heating indicator located on the planar top surface of the thermoplastic sections.
2. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic sections include anti-skid materials embedded within the surface of the plurality of thermoplastic sections.
3. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 1 , wherein said plurality of thermoplastic sections abut each other.
4. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 3 , wherein said plurality of thermoplastic sections are configured to be adhered to a substrate using a propane-fueled heater, an open flame, or a closed flame.
5. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 1 , wherein said plurality of thermoplastic sections have interlocking edges.
6. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 1 , wherein said plurality of thermoplastic sections are configured to adhere to a substrate upon the application of heat.
7. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 1 , wherein said visual heating indicator is configured to indicate the thermoplastic marking has been heated to a predetermined temperature.
8. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 1 , further comprising a filler comprising at least one of:
calcium carbonate;
glass beads;
fumed silica; or
aggregate.
9. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 8 , wherein said composition further comprises a pigment.
10. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 8 , wherein said composition further comprises titanium dioxide.
11. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 1 , said plurality of thermoplastic sections having a marking grid, a plurality of inserts and an insert pattern, such that each of said inserts are separated by said grid.
12. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 11 , wherein said marking grid, inserts, and insert pattern include an adhesive on a portion of the planar bottom surface with a softening point in a range of 90 degrees Centigrade to about 210 degrees Centigrade.
13. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 11 , wherein said adhesive has a softening point in a range of about 118 degrees Centigrade to about 124 degrees Centigrade.
14. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 1 , wherein said adhesive is an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) based hot melt or other hot melt polyamide resin.
15. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive comprises ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) elastomer.
16. The preformed thermoplastic marking of claim 1 , wherein the planar top surfaces of each thermoplastic section are configured to be coplanar to each other, and the planar bottom surfaces of each thermoplastic section are configured to be coplanar to each other.
17. A method of affixing a preformed thermoplastic marking to a substrate comprising:
selecting a plurality of preformed thermoplastic sections, said thermoplastic sections comprising:
planar top surfaces and planar bottom surfaces, the bottom surfaces of the plurality of thermoplastic sections having an adhesive on at least a portion of said bottom surfaces;
said planar top surfaces of each of said plurality of thermoplastic sections including features comprising alphanumeric characters, symbols, or combinations thereof;
said plurality of thermoplastic sections comprise 18.8 to 20 weight percent of a binder comprising an alkyd resin, the alkyd resin comprising a polyamide resin, a modified rosin resin, a phthalate plasticizer, and a polyethylene (PE) wax, the alkyd resin including a higher weight percentage of the phthalate plasticizer than the PE wax,
said plurality of thermoplastic sections having embedded within their surface light reflective beads that comprise at least one of glass, ceramic, corundum, or crushed glass;
said planar top surfaces of each of said plurality of thermoplastic sections further including an indented visual heating indicator;
identifying the features located within the planar top surfaces of each of the thermoplastic sections, the sequential features representing a pattern;
arranging the thermoplastic sections on a substrate in the pattern indicated by the features on the planar top surfaces; and
applying heat to the planar top surfaces of said plurality of thermoplastic sections monitoring said visual heating indicator until the bottom surfaces of the thermoplastic sections adheres to the substrate.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein selecting preformed thermoplastic sections, said light reflective beads embedded within the surface of the plurality of thermoplastic sections are textured such that contact with the light reflective beads generates friction.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein applying heat to the planar top surfaces of said plurality of thermoplastic sections further comprises heating the thermoplastic sections to a temperature of about 244 degrees F. or higher.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein applying heat to the planar top surfaces of said plurality of thermoplastic sections comprises heating the thermoplastic sections to a temperature of about 400 degrees F. or higher.
21. The method of claim 17 , wherein the indent is in the form of a dimple.
22. The method of claim 17 , wherein the visual heating indicator comprises a bump or a raised marker.
23. The method of claim 17 , wherein selecting preformed thermoplastic sections, the visual heating indicator located within the planar top surfaces of each of the thermoplastic sections comprising a second visual heating indicator.
24. The method of claim 17 , wherein arranging the thermoplastic sections on the substrate in the pattern indicated by the features on the planar top surfaces includes arranging the thermoplastic sections to abut each other.
25. The method of claim 17 , wherein selecting preformed thermoplastic sections further includes selecting preformed thermoplastic sections having interlocking edges.
26. The method of claim 25 , wherein arranging the thermoplastic sections on the substrate in the pattern indicated by the features further includes arranging the thermoplastic sections to have interconnected edges.
27. The method of claim 17 , wherein the adhesive is pre-bonded to the bottom surfaces of the plurality of thermoplastic sections prior to transport of the sections to the location where the sections are arranged on the substrate.