Electromagnetic pulse disconnect system and methods
Methods and systems are provided for operating an electromagnetic pulse disconnect assembly for selectively engaging two rotating components of a vehicle drivetrain. A disconnect assembly is needed that is not powered by vacuum diverted from an engine of the vehicle, as modern engines are being developed to reduce vacuum production and remove vacuum lines for powering peripheral devices such as disconnects. An electromagnetic pulse disconnect assembly is provided that operates via pulses of electrical current and includes an electromagnetic coil for translating a clutch ring assembly and a latching ring assembly to selectively couple two rotating components.
1. An electromagnetic pulse disconnect assembly, comprising:
an electromagnetic coil selectively energized by a pulsing electrical current;
a shifting assembly including a metallic armature fixed to a cam including a series of bi-directional ramps, a shifter including a plurality of axially extending guides interfacing with the cam between each of the series of bi-directional ramps, and a clutch ring coupled to the shifter; and
a latching ring assembly including a latching track profile including first and second self-locking positions.
2. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the shifter and the clutch ring translate in an axial direction, with respect to a central axis of the electromagnetic pulse disconnect assembly, and rotate around the central axis as a unit.
3. The assembly of claim 2 , wherein the latching ring assembly further comprises a latching ring including a plurality of pins arranged around an outer circumference of the latching ring and a latching ring housing including a stepped recess for holding the latching ring, wherein the latching ring housing and the latching ring are translatable in the axial direction along with the shifter.
4. The assembly of claim 3 , wherein the latching ring housing is rotatably fixed and wherein the latching ring housing includes embedded magnets that create a detectable magnetic field separate from a localized magnetic field created by the electromagnetic coil, and further comprising a stationary magnetic position sensor configured to detect the magnetic field of the magnets for determining a shift position of the electromagnetic pulse disconnect assembly.
5. The assembly of claim 3 , wherein the latching ring assembly further comprises a latch cam ring including a first series of teeth forming a first track surface and a latch guide ring including a second series of teeth, offset from the first series, forming a second track surface, the first track surface and the second track surface forming the latching track profile.
6. The assembly of claim 5 , wherein the plurality of pins is positioned in the latching track profile between the first track surface and the second track surface, wherein the latch cam ring and the latch guide ring are stationary, and wherein the latching ring is rotatable around and translatable along the central axis.
7. The assembly of claim 5 , wherein the latch cam ring circumferentially surrounds the shifting assembly and wherein the first track surface further comprises multiple grooves shaped to contact and hold the plurality of pins of the latching ring in the first self-locking position and the second self-locking position.
8. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the armature is magnetically attracted to the electromagnetic coil when the electromagnetic coil is energized and wherein the electromagnetic coil includes one or more springs for maintaining an air gap between the electromagnetic coil and the armature when the coil is de-energized.
9. The assembly of claim 1 , further comprising an outer housing arranged along a mid-portion of an axle of a vehicle, the outer housing entirely encasing the electromagnetic coil, the shifting assembly, and the latching ring assembly and wherein the clutch ring selectively engages a coupler shaft and an intermediate shaft of the axle.