System and method for mitigating rockfalls
A system of the invention includes at least one barrier layer, a plurality of rockfall attenuators, and two primary anchor points to anchor opposite lateral sides of the barrier layer. The attenuators may be secured to an upper portion of the barrier layer. The attenuators create a gap or separation between the surfaces of the slope upon which the barrier layer is installed. The attenuators may be secured to the barrier mesh by a single cable routed through cable eyes formed on each of the attenuators. Opposite ends of the cable are secured to the sloping surface by the two primary anchor points. The attenuators are free floating members in that they are not attached to the sloping surface. The invention further includes attenuators as a sub-combination and a method of installing the system.
1. A system for mitigating rockfall events on a sloping surface, the system comprising:
a primary barrier layer having a width extending laterally across the sloping surface and a length extending down the sloping surface;
a secondary barrier layer placed over the primary barrier layer, said secondary barrier layer having a width extending laterally across the sloping surface and a length extending down the sloping surface;
a plurality of attenuators spaced laterally from one another and spaced laterally across the width of the primary barrier layer;
a supporting cable extending laterally across the sloping surface, wherein upper portions of the primary and secondary barrier layers are attached to said supporting cable, and each of said plurality of attenuators are secured to said supporting cable;
a first anchor point for securing a first end of said supporting cable; and
a second anchor point for securing a second opposite end of said supporting cable.
2. A system, as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
said attenuators are constructed of a resilient and flexible material, and said attenuators having an inflatable interior chamber for selected inflation of the attenuators to achieve the desired size or shape.
3. A system, as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
said primary barrier includes a first mesh configuration and said secondary barrier includes a second different mesh configuration.
4. A system, as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
said attenuators are substantially evenly spaced from one another laterally across the width of the primary barrier layer.
5. A system, as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
said attenuators are each of substantially a same size and shape.
6. A system, as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
said attenuators include at least one attenuator that has a substantially different size and shape as compared to other attenuators.
7. An energy absorbing attenuator adapted for use within a rockfall mitigation system, said attenuator comprising;
a body defining an outer surface, an interior surface and a sidewall defined as a thickness between the outer surface and interior surface;
a chamber defining a hollow area within said body;
a flange having a first end secured within the chamber and a second end protruding through a sidewall of the body, said second end including an eye exposed for connection to a desired implement;
said body being made of a resilient and flexible material such that if the body is contacted by an external object with sufficient force, said body will compress in reaction thereto and subsequently decompressed after the force is removed.
8. The attenuator, as claimed in claim 7 , further comprising:
at least one anchoring element connected to said flange and disposed within said chamber for anchoring said flange within said chamber to prevent said flange from being pulled through said sidewall.
9. A method of mitigating rockfall events on a sloping surface, the method comprising:
positioning a primary barrier layer having a width extending laterally across the sloping surface and a length extending down the sloping surface;
installing a plurality of attenuators that are spaced laterally from one another and spaced laterally across the width of the primary barrier layer;
securing a supporting cable to extend laterally across the sloping surface, wherein an upper portion of the primary barrier layer is attached to said supporting cable, and each of said plurality of attenuators are secured to said supporting cable;
installing a first anchor point for securing a first end of said supporting cable, and installing a second anchor point for securing a second opposite end of said supporting cable.
10. A method, as claimed in claim 9 , wherein:
at least one attenuator of said plurality of attenuators traverses laterally along the sloping surface from a first position to a second different lateral position separated from the first position in response to a rockslide contacting said primary barrier or said plurality of attenuators.
11. A method, as claimed in claim 9 , wherein:
at least one attenuator of said plurality of attenuators moves vertically away from and separated from the sloping surface from a first position to a second different separated position separated from the first position in response to a rockslide contacting said primary barrier or said plurality of attenuators.
12. A method, as claimed in claim 9 further including:
positioning a secondary barrier layer placed over the primary barrier layer, said secondary barrier layer having a width extending laterally across the sloping surface and a length extending down the sloping surface.
13. A system for mitigating rockfall events on a sloping surface, the system comprising:
a barrier layer having a width extending laterally across the sloping surface and a length extending down the sloping surface;
a plurality of attenuators spaced laterally from one another and spaced laterally across the width of the barrier layer, each of said attenuators being constructed of a resilient and flexible material, and said attenuators having an inflatable interior chamber for selected inflation or deflation thereof;
a supporting cable extending laterally across the sloping surface, wherein upper portions of the primary barrier layers is attached to said supporting cable, and each of said plurality of attenuators are secured to said supporting cable; and
first and second anchor points for securing opposite ends of said supporting cable to the sloping surface.
14. A system, as claimed in claim 13 , further including:
a secondary barrier placed over said primary barrier layer.
15. A system, as claimed in claim 14 , wherein:
said primary barrier includes a first mesh configuration and said secondary barrier includes a second different mesh configuration.
16. A system, as claimed in claim 13 , wherein:
said attenuators are substantially evenly spaced from one another laterally across the width of the primary barrier layer.
17. A system, as claimed in claim 13 , wherein:
said attenuators are each of substantially a same size and shape.
18. A system, as claimed in claim 13 , wherein:
said attenuators include at least one attenuator that has a substantially different size and shape as compared to other attenuators.