Engineering of hydrocarbon metabolism in yeast
The present invention relates to the development of genetically engineered yeasts that can produce hydrocarbons in a controllable and economic fashion. More specifically the invention relates to the production of liquid alkanes and alkenes that can be used for liquid transportation fuels, specialty chemicals, or feed stock for further chemical conversion.
1. A yeast, wherein
said yeast lacks a gene encoding hexadecanal dehydrogenase (HFD1) or comprises a disrupted gene encoding HFD1; and
said yeast comprises at least one heterologous gene encoding an enzyme involved in a pathway of producing fatty acids, fatty alcohols and/or fatty aldehydes.
2. The yeast according to claim 1 , wherein said yeast comprises at least one additional heterologous gene encoding an enzyme involved in a pathway of producing fatty acids, fatty alcohols and/or fatty aldehydes from fatty acyl-Coenzyme A (CoA) through fatty aldehydes.
3. The yeast according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one heterologous gene encoding an enzyme involved in a pathway of producing fatty acids, fatty alcohols and/or fatty aldehydes is a gene encoding carboxylic acid reductase.
4. The yeast according to claim 3 , wherein the gene encoding carboxylic acid reductase is from Mycobacterium marinum.
5. The yeast according to claim 3 , further comprising a gene encoding a phosphopantetheinyl transferase.
6. The yeast accordingly to claim 5 , wherein the gene encoding a phosphopantetheinyl transferase is from Aspergillus nidulans.
7. The yeast according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one heterologous gene encoding an enzyme involved in a pathway of producing fatty acids, fatty alcohols and/or fatty aldehydes is a heterologous gene encoding a thioesterase.
8. The yeast according to claim 7 , wherein the gene encoding a thioesterase is selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli testA, tesB, fadM and yciA.
9. The yeast according to claim 1 , further comprising a gene encoding fatty acid synthase that is overexpressed.
10. The yeast according to claim 1 , further comprising an acetyl-CoA carboxylase having increased activity via overexpression mutation.
11. The yeast according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one heterologous gene encoding an enzyme involved in a pathway of producing fatty acids, fatty alcohols and/or fatty aldehydes is a gene encoding a fatty acyl-Coenzyme A (CoA) reductase or a fatty acyl-Acyl Carrier Protein (ACP) reductase.
12. The yeast according to claim 1 , wherein said yeast is selected from the group consisting of a Saccharomyces yeast, Hansenula polymorpha , a Kluyveromyces yeast, a Pichia yeast, a Candida yeast, a Trichoderma yeast and Yarrowia lipolytica.
13. The yeast according to claim 1 , wherein said yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
14. A method for producing a fatty acid, fatty alcohol and/or fatty aldehyde, said method comprising:
culturing the yeast of claim 1 ; and
collecting said fatty acid, fatty alcohol and/or fatty aldehyde from said yeast and/or from the culture medium in which said yeast is cultured.