Infrared-rejecting optical products having pigmented coatings
Optical products are disclosed that include a polymeric substrate, provided with an infrared-reflective metal layer on an outer surface thereof that is subject to oxidation. The optical products are further provided with a protective coating, comprising one or more of a metal oxide or a metal nitride, deposited directly on the infrared-reflective metal layer using chemical vapor deposition. The optical products are further provided with a composite pigment coating, deposited on the protective coating, that include at least a first layer and a second layer, at least one of which layers comprises a first pigment, wherein each of the first layer and the second layer includes a binding group component, each of which binding group components together form a complementary binding group pair.
1. An optical product comprising:
a) a polymeric substrate, provided with an infrared-reflective metal layer on an outer surface thereof that is subject to oxidation;
b) a protective coating, comprising one or more of a metal oxide or a metal nitride, deposited directly on the infrared-reflective metal layer using chemical or physical vapor deposition; and
c) a composite pigment coating, deposited on the protective coating, comprising at least a first layer and a second layer, at least one of which layers comprises a first pigment, wherein each of the first layer and the second layer includes a binding group component which together form a complementary binding group pair,
wherein the first layer and the second layer together form a layer-by-layer bilayer, and
wherein the composite pigment coating comprises a plurality of layer-by-layer bilayers, each of which bilayers may be the same or different than the bilayer formed from the first layer and the second layer.
2. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric substrate comprises a polyethylene terephthalate film.
3. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the infrared-reflective metal layer comprises aluminum.
4. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric substrate provided with an infrared-reflective metal layer exhibits a visible light transmission of at least 70% prior to the protective coating being deposited on the infrared-reflective metal layer.
5. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the one or more of a metal oxide or a metal nitride comprises silica.
6. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the protective coating has a thickness of from 5 nm to 150 nm.
7. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the composite pigment coating has a total thickness of 5 nm to 300 nm.
8. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the first pigment is provided on its surface with a binding group component.
9. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the first pigment comprises carbon black.
10. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein the composite pigment coating comprises a second pigment which, in combination with the first pigment, provide an additive effect on the perceived color of the optical product.
11. The optical product of claim 1 , in the form of a window film that is applied to a vehicle.
12. The optical product of claim 10 , wherein the vehicle is an automobile, an aircraft, or a boat.
13. The optical product of claim 2 , wherein the optical product is a composite interlayer for laminated glass.
14. The optical product of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first layer and the second layer of the composite pigment coating is formed from an aqueous solution.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the layers of a given bilayer comprises a polyionic binder, an insoluble pigment particle, or both.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first layer comprises a polycationic binder and the second layer comprises a negatively-charged pigment.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the polycationic binder comprises poly(allylamine hydrochloride).
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the insoluble pigment particle comprises carbon black pigment.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the complementary binding group pair exhibits electrostatic binding.
20. A colored window film, comprising:
a) a polyethylene terephthalate film, provided with a metal layer on an outer surface thereof that is subject to oxidation;
b) silica, deposited directly on the metal layer using chemical vapor deposition; and
c) a composite pigment coating, deposited on the silica, that comprises at least a first layer and a second layer, at least one of which layers comprises a first pigment, wherein each of the first layer and the second layer include a binding group component which together form a complementary binding group pair;
wherein the first layer and the second layer together form a layer-by-layer bilayer, and
wherein the composite pigment coating comprises a plurality of layer-by-layer bilayers, each of which bilayers may be the same or different than the bilayer formed from the first layer and the second layer.