Optically effective element, method of producing an optically effective element, and optoelectronic component
An optically effective element includes a carrier, a first optically effective structure arranged on a top side of the carrier, and a cover arranged above the first optically effective structure. A method of producing an optically effective element includes providing a carrier, forming a first optically effective structure on a top side of the carrier, and arranging a cover above the top side of the carrier and the first optically effective structure.
1. An optoelectronic component comprising:
an optoelectronic semiconductor chip configured to emit electromagnetic radiation, and
an optically effective element comprising:
a carrier,
a first optically effective structure arranged on a top side of the carrier, and
a cover arranged above the first optically effective structure,
wherein the optically effective element is arranged such that electromagnetic radiation emitted by the optoelectronic semiconductor chip passes through the optically effective element,
the first optically effective structure is a diffractive structure, and
the diffractive structure comprises an inner dielectric layer arranged on the top side of the carrier, said inner dielectric layer comprising inner openings, an outer dielectric layer arranged above the inner dielectric layer, said outer dielectric layer comprising outer openings, and
the outer openings of the outer dielectric layer each extend from a top side of the outer dielectric layer as far as the underside of the outer dielectric layer through the outer dielectric layer.
2. The optically effective element according to claim 1 , wherein the carrier comprises sapphire or a glass.
3. The optically effective element according to claim 1 , wherein the diffractive structure comprises GaN, Si, GaP, Si 3 N 4 or TiO 2 .
4. The optically effective element according to claim 1 , wherein the cover comprises a filling material arranged in the inner openings and the outer openings.
5. The optically effective element according to claim 1 ,
wherein the cover is formed as a first covering layer covering the top side of the carrier and the first optically effective structure, and
the first covering layer has a refractive index that is less than a refractive index of the first optically effective structure.
6. The optically effective element according to claim 1 , wherein the diffractive structure comprises a plastics material, an epoxy, a silicone, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyetherimide or polysulfone.
7. The optoelectronic component according to claim 1 , wherein the optoelectronic semiconductor chip is formed as a vertically emitting laser chip.
8. The optoelectronic component according to claim 1 , wherein the optically effective element is arranged directly adjacent to the optoelectronic semiconductor chip.
9. The optoelectronic component according to claim 1 , wherein the optically effective element is configured to shape light emitted by the optoelectronic semiconductor chip to form a light pattern.
10. The optically effective element according to claim 1 ,
wherein the inner dielectric layer comprises a first refractive index,
the outer dielectric layer comprises a second refractive index, and
the first refractive index and the second refractive index differ by not more than 20%.
11. The optically effective element according to claim 10 ,
wherein the cover comprises a filling material arranged in the inner openings and the outer openings, and
the filling material comprises a refractive index that differs from the first refractive index by at least 10%.
12. The optically effective element according to claim 1 , wherein an intermediate layer is arranged between the inner dielectric layer and the outer dielectric layer.
13. The optically effective element according to claim 12 , wherein the intermediate layer comprises GaAs.
14. The optically effective element according to claim 1 , wherein the cover is formed as a first covering layer covering the first optically effective structure.
15. The optically effective element according to claim 14 , wherein the first covering layer comprises silicone, an epoxy, benzocyclobutene, Si 3 N 4 , Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 or a glass.
16. The optically effective element according to claim 14 , wherein the first covering layer has a refractive index that differs from a refractive index of the carrier by not more than 20%.
17. The optically effective element according to claim 1 , wherein a second optically effective structure is arranged on an underside of the carrier.
18. The optically effective element according to claim 17 , wherein the second optically effective structure is covered by a second covering layer.
19. The optically effective element according to claim 17 , wherein the second optically effective structure is a multi-lens structure.
20. The optically effective element according to claim 17 , wherein the second optically effective structure is a diffractive structure.
21. The optoelectronic component according to claim 1 ,
wherein the optoelectronic component comprises a housing, and
the optoelectronic semiconductor chip is arranged in a cavity of the housing.
22. The optoelectronic component according to claim 21 , wherein the cavity is closed by the optically effective element.
23. The optoelectronic component according to claim 21 , wherein a potting material is arranged in the cavity.
24. The optoelectronic component according to claim 23 , wherein the light pattern is a point pattern, a checkered pattern, a rectangular light spot or a circular light spot.
25. The optically effective element according to claim 1 , wherein the cover is formed as a plate, a glass plate or a sapphire plate.
26. The optically effective element according to claim 25 , wherein a gap is formed between the first optically effective structure and the cover.
27. The optically effective element according to claim 25 , wherein a further optically effective structure is arranged on a top side of the cover facing the top side of the carrier.
28. The optically effective element according to claim 25 , wherein the cover is secured by a soldering connection on the top side of the carrier.
29. The optically effective element according to claim 28 , wherein the soldering connection completely encloses the first optically effective structure.
30. The optically effective element according to claim 29 , wherein the first optically effective structure is hermetically impermeably encapsulated by the soldering connection.