METHODS OF TREATING BACTERIAL INFECTIONS AND FUNGAL INFECTIONS USING ENANTIOPURE DEUTERIUM-ENRICHED PIOGLITAZONE

1 . A method of treating an infection selected from the group consisting of a bacterial infection and a fungal infection, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a deuterium-enriched compound of Formula I having an optical purity of at least 75% enantiomeric excess to treat the infection, wherein Formula I is represented by:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 are independently —C(R 9 )(R 10 )—;

A 5 is —C(R 11 )(R 12 )(R 13 );

R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , and R 8 are independently H or D;

R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , and R 13 each represent independently for each occurrence H or D; and

Z is H or D, provided that the abundance of deuterium in Z is at least 30%.

2 - 26 . (canceled)

27 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, each having an optical purity of at least 90% enantiomeric excess.

28 - 32 . (canceled)

33 . A method of treating an infection selected from the group consisting of a bacterial infection and a fungal infection, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a deuterium-enriched compound of Formula II having an optical purity of at least 75% enantiomeric excess to treat the infection, wherein Formula II is represented by:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 are independently —C(R 9 )(R 10 )—;

A 5 is —C(R 11 )(R 12 )(R 13 );

R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , and R 8 are independently H or D;

R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , and R 13 each represent independently for each occurrence H or D; and

Z is H or D, provided that the abundance of deuterium in Z is at least 30%.

34 . The method of claim 33 , wherein the infection is a bacterial infection.

35 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the bacterial infection comprises gram-positive bacteria.

36 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the bacterial infection comprises gram-negative bacteria.

37 . (canceled)

38 . (canceled)

39 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the bacterial infection is an infection by one or more of a Streptococccus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Actinomyces, Anaerobiospirillum, Bacillus, Bacteroides, Bilophila, Campylobacter, Clostridium, Enterococcus, Eubacterium, Francisella, Fusobacterium, Haemophilus, Listeria, Moraxella, Mycobacterium, Neisseria, Peptostreptococci, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Salmonella , or Yersinia.

40 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the bacterial infection is an infection by one or more Streptococccus species, Escherichia species, Klebsiella species, Actinomyces species, Enterococcus species, Mycobacterium species, Neisseria species, or Pseudomonas species.

41 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the bacterial infection is an infection by one or more of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Bacillus anthracis, Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium difficile, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Eubacterium lentum, Francisella tularensis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Porphyromonas asaccharolyticus, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium , or Yersinia enterocolytica.

42 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the bacterial infection is an infection by Streptococccus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli , or Klebsiella pneumoniae.

43 . The method of claim 33 , wherein the infection is a fungal infection.

44 . The method of claim 43 , wherein the fungal infection is an infection by one or more of an Acremonium, Absidia, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Basidiobolus, Bjerkandera, Blastomyces, Candida, Cephalosporium, Ceriporiopsis, Chaetomium, Chrysosporium, Cladosporium, Coccidioides, Conidiobolus, Coprinus, Coriolus, Corynespora, Cryptococcus, Curvularia, Cunninghamella, Exophiala, Epidermophyton, Filibasidium, Fonsecaea, Fusarium, Geotrichum, Hendersonula, Histoplasma, Humicola, Leptosphaeria, Loboa, Madurella, Malassezia, Microsporum, Mycocentrospora, Mucor, Neotestudina, Paecilomyces, Paracoccidioides, Penicillium, Phialophora, Pneumocystis, Pseudallescheria, Rhinosporidium, Rhizomucor, Rhizopus, Saccharomyces, Scopulariopsis, Sporothrix, Talaromyces, Thermoascus, Thielavia, Tolypocladium, Trametes, Trichoderma, Trichophyton, Trichosporon , or Wangiella.

45 . The method of claim 43 , wherein the fungal infection is an infection by one or more of Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus foetidus, Aspergillus funiigatus, Aspergillus japonicus, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Bjerkandera adusta, Ceriporiopsis aneirina, Ceriporiopsis caregiea, Ceriporiopsis gilvescens, Ceriporiopsis pannocinta, Ceriporiopsis rivulosa, Ceriporiopsis subrufa, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, Chrysosporium inops, Chrysosporium keratinophilum, Chrysosporium lucknowense, Chrysosporium merdarium, Chrysosporium pannicola, Chrysosporium queenslandicum, Chrysosporium tropicum, Chrysosporium zonatum, Coprinus cinereus, Coriolus hirsutus, Fusarium bactridioides, Fusarium cerealis, Fusarium crookwellense, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium graminearurn, Fusarium graminum, Fusarium heterosporum, Fusarium negimdi, Fusarium oxvsporum, Fusarium reticulatum, Fusarium roseum, Fusarium sambucinum, Fusarium sarcochrourn, Fusarium sporotrichioides, Fusarium sulphureum, Fusarium torulosum, Fusarium trichothecioides, Fusarium venenatum, Humicola insolens, Humicola lanuginosa, Mucor miehei, Myceliophthora thermophila, Neurospora crassa, Penicillium purpiirogenum, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Phlehia radiata, Pleurolus eryngii, Thielavia terrestris, Trametes villosa, Trametes versicolor, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma koningii, Trichoderma longibrachiatiim, Trichoderma reesei , or Trichoderma viride.

46 . (canceled)

47 . (canceled)

48 . (canceled)

49 . (canceled)

50 . The method of claim 33 , wherein the compound is a compound of Formula II-A having an optical purity of at least 75% enantiomeric excess, wherein Formula II-A is represented by:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Z is H or D, provided that the abundance of deuterium in Z is at least 30%.

51 . (canceled)

52 . (canceled)

53 . (canceled)

54 . (canceled)

55 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the abundance of deuterium in Z is at least 90%.

56 . (canceled)

57 . (canceled)

58 . (canceled)

59 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the compound is:

or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, each having an optical purity of at least 90% enantiomeric excess.

60 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the compound is:

having an optical purity of at least 90% enantiomeric excess.

61 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the compound is:

hydrochloride having an optical purity of at least 90% enantiomeric excess.

62 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the compound is:

or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, each having an optical purity of at least 95% enantiomeric excess.

63 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the compound is:

having an optical purity of at least 95% enantiomeric excess.

64 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the compound is:

hydrochloride having an optical purity of at least 90% enantiomeric excess.