Methods and compositions relating to hematopoietic stem cell expansion, enrichment, and maintenance
The methods and compositions described herein relate to producing, expanding, enriching, and/or maintaining hematopoietic stem cells ex vivo by treating the cells with an agent(s) that exhibits two or more activities selected from modulation of histone methylation; inhibition of TGFβ signaling; inhibition of p38 signaling; activation of canonical Wnt signaling; and modulation of histone acetylation. In some embodiments, the technology described herein relates to transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells.
1. A method of producing an expanded population of hematopoietic stem cells ex vivo, said method comprising contacting a population of hematopoietic stem cells with one or more agents that together exhibit the activities of:
a. modulation of histone methylation;
b. inhibition of TGFβ signaling; and
c. modulation of histone acetylation,
wherein the one or more agents are present in amounts that are sufficient to produce an expanded population of hematopoietic stem cells.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the population of hematopoietic stem cells exhibits a hematopoietic stem cell functional potential after two or more days that is greater than that of a control population of hematopoietic stem cells cultured under the same conditions and for the same time as said population of hematopoietic stem cells but not contacted with said one or more agents.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said agent that modulates histone methylation is a histone demethylase inhibitor and said agent that inhibits TGFβ signaling is a TGFβ receptor inhibitor.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said histone demethylase inhibitor is a LSD1 inhibitor.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said LSD1 inhibitor is LSD1 inhibitor IV RN-1 and said TGFβ receptor inhibitor is ALK5 inhibitor II.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein said LSD1 inhibitor is tranylcypromine and said TGFβ receptor inhibitor is ALK5 inhibitor II.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more agents comprise a combination of agents selected from the combination of agents of Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, and Table 6.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said histone demethylase is LSD1.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said one or more agents comprise a histone demethylase inhibitor selected from the group consisting of LSD1 inhibitor IV RN-1, LSD1 inhibitor II S2101, LSD1 inhibitor LSD1-C76, LSD1 inhibitor III CBB1007, and LSD1 inhibitor I Tranylcypromine.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said one or more agents comprise a compound that inhibits a histone deacetylase are selected from the group consisting of Trichostatin A, valproic acid, butyrylhydroxamic acid, and istodax.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said one or more agents further comprise a compound that inhibits BMP signaling.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein said hematopoietic stem cells are from human cord blood, mobilized peripheral blood, or bone marrow.
13. A method of introducing a polynucleotide into a population of hematopoietic stem cells, said method comprising:
a. inserting the polynucleotide into said population of hematopoietic stem cells; and
b. expanding said population of hematopoietic stem cells according to the method of claim 1 .
14. A method of treating a recipient with hematopoietic stem cells or progeny thereof, said method comprising:
a. providing a population of hematopoietic stem cells;
b. expanding said population of hematopoietic stem cells according to the method of claim 1 ;
c. optionally differentiating said hematopoietic stem cells into common lymphoid progenitor cells, common myeloid progenitor cells, megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells, granulocyte-megakaryocyte progenitor cells, granulocytes, promyelocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, erythrocytes, reticulocytes, thrombocytes, megakaryoblasts, platelet-producing megakaryocytes, platelets, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, microglia, osteoclasts, and lymphocytes, NK cells, B-cells and/or T-cells; and
d. introducing the population of expanded hematopoietic stem cells or progeny thereof into said recipient.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hematopoietic stem cells are additionally contacted with a substance that inhibits aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling, a prostaglandin, an agonist of Notch signaling, or an inhibitor of SIRT1.
16. The methods of claim 1 , wherein the hematopoietic stem cells are additionally contacted with UM171, an analog thereof, or a UM171 analog selected from Table 11.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the a population of hematopoietic stem cells is further contacted with one or more agents that together exhibit the activities of:
inhibition of p38 signaling; or
activation of canonical Wnt signaling or promotion of β-catenin degradation.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein said one or more agents comprise an agent that inhibits p38 signaling, and wherein said compound is SB203580.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein said one or more agents comprise a compound that promotes β-catenin degradation selected from the group consisting of CHIR99021, lithium chloride, BIO, and FGF2.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cells are contacted with the one or more agents simultaneously.
21. A composition comprising one or more agents that together exhibit the activities of:
a. modulation of histone methylation;
b. inhibition of TGFβ signaling; and
c. modulation of histone acetylation.