LABYRINTHULID MICROORGANISM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING MICROBIAL OIL, MICROBIAL OIL, METHODS FOR PRODUCING SAID MICROORGANISM AND FOR PRODUCING SAID MICROBIAL OIL, AND USES OF SAID MICROORGANISM AND SAID MICROBIAL OIL
A Labyrinthulid microorganism capable of producing a PUFA only through the elongase-desaturase pathway. A Labyrinthulid microorganism which has no ability of producing a PUFA through the endogenous PUFA-PKS pathway or has the ability at an extremely weak level and which has an ability of producing a PUFA through the endogenous elongase-desaturase pathway. The Labyrinthulid microorganism is a microorganism belonging to the genus Parietichytrium or Parietichytrium.
1 - 39 . (canceled)
40 . Microbial oil that satisfies not less than one condition selected from the group consisting of (a) to (g), the microorganism being a labyrinthulid:
(a) ARA is not less than 5% of a total fatty acid composition;
(b) DGLA is not less than 2.5% of the total fatty acid composition;
(c) ETA is not less than 0.35% of the total fatty acid composition;
(d) EPA is not less than 4% of the total fatty acid composition;
(e) n-6 DPA is not greater than 0.20% of the total fatty acid composition;
(f) DHA is not greater than 0.50% of the total fatty acid composition;
(g) The total of DHA and n-6 DPA is not greater than 0.7% of the total fatty acid composition.
41 . The microbial oil according to claim 40 , wherein the microbial oil satisfies a condition that a value of n-6 DPA/DTA by GC area is not greater than 1.5.
42 . The microbial oil according to claim 40 , wherein the microbial oil satisfies a condition that a value of DHA/n-3 DPA by GC area is not greater than 4.
43 . The microbial oil according to claim 40 , wherein the microbial oil satisfies a condition that a value of C20 PUFA/C22 PUFA by GC area is not less than 0.5 and not greater than 50.
44 . The microbial oil according to claim 40 , wherein the microbial oil satisfies a condition that a value of n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA by GC area is not less than 1.8.
45 . The microbial oil according to claim 40 , wherein the labyrinthulid is obtained from a labyrinthulid selected from the group consisting of (A) and (B):
(A) A labyrinthulid in which a fatty acid composition is modified by disruption and/or gene silencing;
(B) A labyrinthulid in which a fatty acid composition is modified by transforming a gene in addition to disruption and/or gene silencing.
46 . A microbial oil obtained from a labyrinthulid genetically modified such that a fatty acid composition is modified.
47 . The microbial oil according to claim 46 , wherein the disrupted and/or silenced gene is a PKS gene, a fatty acid elongase gene, and/or a fatty acid desaturase gene.
48 . The microbial oil according to claim 46 , wherein the transformed gene is a fatty acid elongase gene and/or a fatty acid desaturase gene.
49 . The microbial oil according to claim 47 , wherein the fatty acid elongase gene is a C20 elongase gene.
50 . The microbial oil according to claim 47 , wherein the fatty acid desaturase gene is a Δ4 desaturase gene and/or an ω3 desaturase gene.
51 . The microbial oil according to claim 46 , wherein a method for disrupting or transforming a gene of a labyrinthulid is electroporation, a gene gun method, orgene editing.
52 . The microbial oil according to claim 46 , wherein a method for gene silencing of a labyrinthulid is an antisense method or RNA interference.
53 . A microbial oil obtained from a labyrinthulid selected from the group consisting of (C) and (D):
(C) A labyrinthulid having very weak or no activity of producing PUFAs via the PUFA-PKS pathway;
(D) A labyrinthulid in which the host PUFA-PKS gene is disrupted or silenced to a very weak level.
54 . The microbial oil according to claim 53 , wherein the labyrinthulid having very weak or no activity of producing PUFAs via the PUFA-PKS pathway is a labyrinthulid belonging to the genus Parietichytrium or genus Schizochytrium.
55 . The microbial oil according to claim 54 , wherein the labyrinthulid belonging to the genus Parietichytrium is a labyrinthulid belonging to Parietichytrium sarkarianum.
56 . The microbial oil according to claim 54 , wherein the labyrinthulid belonging to the genus Schizochytrium is a labyrinthulid belonging to Schizochytrium aggregatum.
57 . The microbial oil according to claim 55 , wherein the microorganism belonging to Parietichytrium sarkarianum is Parietichytrium sp. SEK358 (FERM BP-11405), Parietichytrium sarkarianum SEK364 (FERM BP-11298), or Parietichytrium sp. SEK517 (FERM BP-11406).
58 . The microbial oil according to claim 56 , wherein the microorganism belonging to Schizochytrium aggregatum is Schizochytrium aggregatum ATCC 28209.
59 . The microbial oil according to claim 53 , wherein the labyrinthulid in which the host PUFA-PKS gene is disrupted or silenced to a very weak level belongs to the genus Thraustochytrium.
60 . The microbial oil according to claim 59 , wherein the labyrinthulid belonging to the genus Thraustochytrium is Thraustochytrium aureum.
61 . The microbial oil according to claim 40 , wherein the microbial oil satisfies at least one condition selected from the group consisting of (E) to (H):
(E) A GC area ratio of ARA after modification is not less than 3 times greater than before modification;
(F) A GC area ratio of DGLA after modification is not less than 4 times greater than before modification;
(G) A GC area ratio of ETA after modification is not less than 7 times greater than before modification;
(H) A GC area ratio of EPA after modification is not less than 7 times greater than before modification.
62 . A method for producing the microbial oil described in claim 61 , wherein the microbial oil has a value of n-6 DPA/DTA by GC area of not greater than 1.5.
63 . The method for producing the microbial oil described in claim 61 , wherein the microbial oil has a value of DHA/n-3 DPA by GC area of not greater than 4.
64 . The method for producing microbial oil according to claim 61 , wherein the microbial oil satisfies a condition that a value of C20 PUFA/C22 PUFA by GC area is not less than 0.5 and not greater than 50.
65 . The method for producing microbial oil according to claim 61 , wherein the microbial oil satisfies a condition that a value of n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA by GC area is not less than 1.8.
66 . A method for producing microbial oil obtained from a labyrinthulid genetically modified such that a fatty acid composition is modified.
67 . The method for producing microbial oil according to claim 66 , wherein microbial oil is produced in a labyrinthulid genetically modified such that a fatty acid composition is modified, the labyrinthulid being selected from the group consisting of (A) and (B):
(A) A labyrinthulid in which a fatty acid composition is modified by disruption and/or gene silencing gene silencing;
(B) A labyrinthulid in which a fatty acid composition is modified by transforming a gene in addition to disruption and/or gene silencing.
68 . The method for producing microbial oil according to claim 67 , wherein the disrupted and/or silenced gene is a PKS gene, a fatty acid elongase gene, and/or a fatty acid desaturase gene.
69 . The method for producing microbial oil according to claim 67 , wherein the transformed gene is a fatty acid elongase gene and/or a fatty acid desaturase gene.
70 . The method for producing microbial oil according to claim 68 , wherein the fatty acid elongase gene is a C20 elongase gene.
71 . The method for producing microbial oil according to claim 68 , wherein the fatty acid desaturase gene is a Δ4 desaturase gene and/or an ω3 desaturase gene.
72 . The method for producing microbial oil according to claim 67 , wherein a method for disrupting or transforming a gene of a labyrinthulid is electroporation, a gene gun method, or gene editing.
73 . The method for producing microbial oil according to claim 67 , wherein a method for gene silencing of a labyrinthulid is an antisense method or RNA interference.
74 . The method for producing microbial oil according to claim 67 , wherein microbial oil is caused to be produced in a labyrinthulid selected from the group consisting of (C) and (D):
(C) A labyrinthulid having very weak or no activity of producing PUFAs via the PUFA-PKS pathway;
(D) A labyrinthulid in which the host PUFA-PKS gene is disrupted or silenced to a very weak level.
75 . A method for producing microbial oil that satisfies at least one condition selected from the group consisting of (E) to (H):
(E) A GC area ratio of ARA after modification is not less than 3 times greater than before modification;
(F) A GC area ratio of DGLA after modification is not less than 4 times greater than before modification;
(G) A GC area ratio of ETA after modification is not less than 7 times greater than before modification;
(H) A GC area ratio of EPA after modification is not less than 7 times greater than before modification.
76 . A food, animal feed, medication, or industrial product comprising the microbial oil described in claim 40 as a lipid composition.
77 . A labyrinthulid that is genetically modified such that a produced fatty acid composition is modified and that produces the microbial oil described in claim 40 .
78 . A method for creating the labyrinthulid genetically modified such that a produced fatty acid composition is modified described in claim 77 .