CATION-DISORDERED OXIDES FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES AND OTHER APPLICATIONS
Embodiments related to cation-disordered lithium metal oxide compounds, their methods of manufacture, and use are described. In one embodiment, a cation-disordered lithium metal oxide includes Li a M b M′ c O 2 with a greater than 1. M includes at least one redox-active species with a first oxidation state n and an oxidation state n′ greater than n, and M is chosen such that a lithium-M oxide having a formula LiMO 2 forms a cation-disordered rocksalt structure. M′ includes at least one charge-compensating species that has an oxidation state y that is greater than n.
1 . A lithium metal oxide having a general formula: Li a M b M′ c O 2 , said lithium metal oxide comprising LiMO 2 and Li d M′ e O 2 , said lithium metal oxide having a cation-disordered rocksalt structure, wherein M comprises one or more of a metallic species chosen from a group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Zr, Sb, and Mo, M being chosen such that LiMO 2 forms a cation-disordered rocksalt structure, and M having a first average oxidation degree n, wherein M′ comprises one or more of a metallic species chosen from a group consisting of Ti, Cr, Mn, Zr, Mo, Sn, Sb, and W, and M′ having a second average oxidation degree y greater than or equal to n, with 4<=y<=6, and wherein 1<a<=1.4, a+b+c=2, d+c=2, d+(e·y)=4, a+(b·n)+(c·y)=4, 1.3<=d<=1.7, and 0.2<=b<1.
2 - 47 . (canceled)
48 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 1 wherein said disordered LiMO 2 rocksalt structure is enriched with Li d M′ e O 2 .
49 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 1 , comprising Li 1+x/100 (NiTi) 1/2−x/120 Mo x/180 O 2 , and wherein 0<x<=30.
50 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 1 , wherein n is between 2.7 and 3.3.
51 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 1 , wherein M′ is one or more of a metallic species chosen from a group consisting of Mo and Cr, and wherein b=(8−5a)/3, c=[2(a−1)]/3, d=1.6, and e=0.4.
52 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 1 , wherein M is an alloy of Ni and Ti in a 1:1 molar ratio and/or M′ is Mo and y is equal to 6.
53 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 1 , wherein XRD of the lithium metal oxide collected using Cu Kα (K alpha) radiation shows, in a range 5-70 degrees of 2 74 (2 theta), a series of normalized intensity ratios I′z, with I′z=Iz/I(111), Iz being an first intensity of a (z) peak and I(111) being a second intensity of a (111) peak, wherein when z refers to a (111) peak, I′z=1, when z refers to a (022) peak, 2 <I′z<5, and when z refers to a (002) peak, 4<I′z<10, wherein said series of normalized intensity ratios I′z corresponds to a disordered rocksalt LiMO 2 structure having a Fm-3 m space group.
54 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 1 , wherein the lithium metal oxide has a lattice parameter greater than or equal to 4 Angstroms.
55 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 1 , wherein the lithium metal oxide has a first capacity greater than 109 mAh/g when charged and discharged between 1.5 and 4.5V at 20 mA/g at room temperature.
56 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 1 , wherein the lithium metal oxide presents a single phase cation-disordered rocksalt structure.
57 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 1 , wherein the lattice parameter is between 4.13 Angstroms and 4.15 Angstroms.
58 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 1 , wherein the lithium metal oxide has a first capacity greater than 150 mAh/g when charged and discharged between 1.5 and 4.5V at 20 mA/g at room temperature.
59 . An electrical device, comprising an electrode comprising the lithium metal oxide of claim 1 .
60 . A lithium metal oxide comprising Li 1+x/100 (NiTi) 1/2−x/120 Mo x/150 O 2 , wherein 0<x<=30.
61 . A lithium metal oxide comprising:
Li a M b M′ c O 2 having a cation-disordered rocksalt structure, wherein M comprises at least one redox-active metallic species having a first oxidation state n and a second oxidation state n′ greater than n, M′ comprises at least one charge-compensating metallic species having an oxidation state y greater than or equal to n, a is greater than 1, and b and c are greater than or equal to 0, and wherein M is chosen such that a lithium-M oxide having a formula LiMO 2 has a cation-disordered rocksalt structure.
62 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 61 , wherein n is at least 1.8.
63 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 61 , wherein y is at least 4.
64 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 61 , wherein M includes at least one of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zr, Sb, and Mo.
65 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 61 , wherein M′ includes at least one of Ti, Cr, Mn, Zr, Mo, Sn, Sb, and W.
66 . The lithium metal oxide of claim 61 , wherein a is less than or equal to 1.4. 6561492.1